Basic human values. Why you need to know your main values ​​in life

Life values ​​have highest value in a person's destiny. This category denotes what he values ​​​​on his path, what he wants to strive for, what he considers the main thing and what he gives the greatest attention to. These include: family, health, friendship, love, wealth, that is, everything that can have any value on top of all the other little things in life. If two people share the same point of view, have adjacent basic life values, then their communication is usually conflict-free and uniform. Such people often achieve maximum mutual understanding among themselves, and relationships develop quite close and close.

However, people are not inclined to talk out loud about life values. These are not discussed because no one can formulate them. They just are. The subject of discussion in conversations is most often common interests, which are very closely tied to life values. They usually manifest themselves in actions and behavior, but very rarely in words. Often people not only avoid mentioning such things, but also try not to think about them, to comprehend and be aware of them. And this is a big mistake, since a person’s system of life values ​​is his core. All fate, actions and desires depend on them. There are many things that an individual does not even know about himself. However, attitude to life values ​​is an important component of self-realization. And awareness of some personal categories will not allow a person to develop as a full-fledged conscious personality.

Now we will look at important life values ​​that need to be rethought in order to understand yourself and change your attitude towards yourself and others.

1. Tomorrow may not come for words of love.

Sometimes we overthink and don't openly share our feelings with the people we really love. But in life there are different circumstances. At one point it may happen that it will no longer be possible to talk about true feelings. The fate of a person is rich in incidents that can randomly take the object of love out of sight. And then there will never be an opportunity to say kind words out loud.

2. Your judgments about people are not always correct.

No one ever knows what is going on in another person's head. Therefore, do not try to talk in the third person about the actions, thoughts and feelings of another. You cannot know what is happening and why he can do such things. A person's life values ​​are a mystery to us. Don't try to jump to conclusions, speak for someone else, or make hasty decisions. No one can know for sure about other people's motives.

Many of those who appear successful are actually very unhappy. Many of those who look rich are actually in debt. Many of the people you think are getting everything they want in life are actually working very hard. You cannot know based on your personal observations. You can get to know another person only by asking him, or by waiting for him to share with you. Do not create stereotypes of perception - they are always wrong.

3. Fail because they don't even try.

Don’t think about imaginary mistakes or failures - this is just an unnecessary waste of your energy and nerves. By thinking about potential failure, you can never begin to try to change your world. Even the presence of mistakes leads to self-development. This is an invaluable life lesson that you simply must learn in order to grow and become taller. The result is always the sum of the sum of attempts and activities. You won't get anywhere by sitting still. To start your journey, you need to take the first step, even if it consists of mistakes.

4. Tolerate is to act productively, not to wait.

Patience is important in life. But in fact, this quality denotes volitional effort in the performance of a specific activity. Be careful, patience has nothing to do with waiting, but only with endurance in achieving the goal. In fact, patience is the epitome of understanding and accepting the importance of quality of life. After all, this is more significant than the number of things you do every day. It is the willingness to accept difficulties with gratitude and apply perseverance in achieving something greater.

5. You have everything to be happy

Many people think that material values ​​in life are more important than other aspects of life. But in reality this is not the case at all. Things are only what we can surround ourselves with. The main human needs are reduced to the very minimum - to the satisfaction of physiological needs (food, sleep). But this list does not include increasing material wealth. All other life values ​​of a social and interpersonal nature (love, friendship, work) are much more important. They need to be protected and understood. If you have this, you are already happy.

6. You are not perfect, the whole world is not perfect.

Does not exist ideal person. All people are imperfect. And you as a person are not perfect either. You need to understand this and not worry too much about it. Yes, we all want to strive for something perfect, but this goal is unattainable. Do you want to become a better person? Okay - go ahead. However, do not get hung up on it, but treat it with understanding. Life values ​​cannot be perfect.

7. The little things in life matter

Life is a long journey on which you will encounter many failures and downfalls, successes and upliftments. Everything, down to the smallest detail, that happens to us matters. Don't try to downplay it. What makes our existence unique and inimitable is something small and less significant. Life path- this is not a path with long stops, but a whole road of 1000 small steps worthy of your attention. Appreciate them.

8. Excuses are always lies.

If there are many excuses along the way to achieving your goal, then this indicates the presence of self-justifications and lies about why you cannot achieve it. Don't lie to yourself. If you really want something badly, there will be no time left for excuses. This is the biggest and most insidious enemy on the way to your goal. Try to challenge yourself, because all excuses are a meaningless fear that you will not be able to achieve your goal. Believe in yourself, don't lie to yourself. Remember: you can achieve success under any circumstances.

No one knows how to succeed except you. Success begins with thoughts, life values ​​and awareness of them. Don’t build self-deception around them about their unattainability. There are many perspectives and many opportunities. You just need to make your choice and decide to follow the path of life.

Life values ​​are the main content of the foundation of your “I”, self-culture and self-development. Your attitude towards them is the main basis for realizing your goals. Therefore, you must learn to analyze yourself and understand how you are made. To understand the environment and inner world, you must, first of all, learn to understand how you yourself are structured. This is what you should be doing.

2. Philosophy of values

3. Values ​​in literature

4. Life values ​​and culture modern youth(sociological research)

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

The system of value orientations, being psychological characteristics of a mature personality, one of the central personal formations, expresses a person’s meaningful attitude to social reality and, in this capacity, determines the motivation of his behavior and has a significant impact on all aspects of his activity. As an element of the personality structure, value orientations characterize the internal readiness to perform certain activities to satisfy needs and interests and indicate the direction of its behavior.

Each society has a unique value-orientation structure, which reflects the originality of this culture. Since the set of values ​​that an individual acquires in the process of socialization is “transmitted” to him by society, the study of the system of value orientations of an individual seems especially actual problem in a situation of serious social changes, when there is some “blurring” of the social value structure, many values ​​are destroyed and disappear social structures norms, contradictions appear in the ideals and values ​​postulated by society.

Essentially, the entire variety of objects of human activity, public relations and included in their circle natural phenomena can act as values ​​as objects of value relations, can be assessed in the dichotomy of good and evil, truth and error, beauty and ugliness, permissible or forbidden, fair and unfair.

1. Values: concepts, essence, types

The cybernetic understanding of society consists in presenting it as belonging “to a special class of universal adaptive systems.”

From a certain perspective, culture can be considered as a multidimensional adaptive management program that sets the basic parameters for the self-organization of communities and coordinates the joint activity of fairly autonomous individuals. At the same time, culture can also be understood as a kind of generator of structure inherent in any highly organized system: “Order is achieved by limiting the variety of possible states of the elements of the system by establishing the dependence of some elements on others. In this respect, culture is similar to biological and technical programming devices.”

Culture itself is defined axiologically as a set of material and spiritual values ​​and methods of their creation and transmission. Values ​​as such are inextricably linked with the sociocultural context and can be considered as certain quanta of the general cultural field. It is in this sense that values ​​can be considered as structural invariants of various cultures, determining not only the content specificity specific culture as an arsenal of effective adaptive strategies, but also the features of its dynamics and development. Chavchavadze N.Z. and defines culture as a “world of embodied values,” distinguishing between values ​​as means and values ​​as goals.

A person’s value system is the “foundation” of his relationship to the world. Values ​​are a relatively stable, socially conditioned selective attitude of a person towards the totality of material and spiritual public goods.

“Values,” wrote V.P. Tugarinov, is what people need to satisfy their needs and interests, as well as ideas and their motivation as a norm, goal and ideal.”

The value world of every person is vast. However, there are certain “cross-cutting” values ​​that are practically core in any field of activity. These include hard work, education, kindness, good manners, honesty, decency, tolerance, humanity. It is the decline in the significance of these values ​​in one period or another of history that always causes serious concern in a normal society.

Value is one of those general scientific concepts, the methodological significance of which is especially great for pedagogy. Being one of the key concepts of modern social thought, it is used in philosophy, sociology, psychology and pedagogy to designate objects and phenomena, their properties, as well as abstract ideas that embody moral ideals and acting as standards of what is proper.

Essentially, the entire variety of objects of human activity, social relations and natural phenomena included in their circle can act as values ​​as objects of value relations, can be assessed in the dichotomy of good and evil, truth and error, beauty and ugliness, permissible or forbidden, fair and unfair.

Value as a concept defines "... importance anything as opposed to existence object or its qualitative characteristics."

Exists great amount values ​​and they can be divided into two large groups: into material and spiritual:

We classified material assets as: car, aquarium, garage, jewelry, money, food, house, toys, cosmetics, musical instruments, books, clothes, apartment, tape recorder, computer, TV, telephone, furniture, sports equipment;

To the spiritual: active life, life wisdom, life, family, love, friendship, courage, work, sports, responsibility, sensitivity, honesty, good manners, beauty, mercy, creativity, freedom, human, peace, justice, self-improvement, health , knowledge.

We can touch, see, buy material values, and they depend on the time in which a person lives. For example, 300 years ago there were no cars and that means there was no such value.

Spiritual values, unlike material ones, we cannot always see and they are not bought, but we can feel them through our actions and the behavior of the people around us. For example, if beauty is important to a person, then he will strive to create it around himself and perform beautiful deeds. Thus, these are higher values ​​that are universal and valid at all times.

2. Philosophy of values

In philosophy, the problem of values ​​is considered inextricably linked with the definition of the essence of man, his creative nature, his ability to create the world and himself in accordance with the measure of his values. A person forms his values, constantly destroys the contradictions between the established world of values ​​and anti-values, uses values ​​as a tool for maintaining his life world, protection from the destructive effects of entropic processes that threaten the reality he gives birth to. A value-based approach to the world requires consideration of objective reality as the result of human self-affirmation; The world with this approach is, first of all, a reality mastered by man, transformed into the content of his activity, consciousness, and personal culture.

M.A. Nedosekina in her work “On the Question of Values ​​and Their Classification” (Internet resource) defines value concepts, understood as the basis of assessments and the prism of a goal-oriented vision of reality, as needs and interests translated into the language of thoughts and feelings, concepts and images, ideas and judgments . Indeed, for assessment it is necessary to have developed ideas about values ​​that act as orientation criteria for the adaptive and active activity of an individual.

Based on their value concepts, people not only evaluate existing things, but also choose their actions, demand and achieve justice, and carry out what is good for them.

E.V. Zolotukhina-Abolina defines values ​​as an extra-rational regulator. Indeed, behavior regulated by reference to value criteria is ultimately aimed at achieving maximum emotional comfort, which is a psychophysical sign of achieving a specific goal associated with the affirmation of a particular value.

N.S. Rozov identifies several evolutionary types of development of the worldview of communities: mythological consciousness, religious consciousness and ideological consciousness. This kind of classification is more than obvious. However, few people dare to abandon the finality of the last form of social consciousness and even suggest the possibility of the birth of a new one, completely different from the previous ones. N.S. Rozov did this: “Value consciousness is most likely to claim the role of the leading form of worldview in the coming historical era.” Values ​​within the framework of value consciousness as a new form of worldview, firstly, come out of a subordinate position, and secondly, they absorb and rethink the entire diversity of existing worldviews, since communication and the search for productive compromises between representatives of these different worldviews become urgently necessary... Concept value consciousness is not reduced to a combination of the meanings of the two words that make up this name. This concept is constructed, first of all, normatively: value consciousness is a form of worldview based on values ​​that satisfies the requirements established above.

The world of values ​​that teleologically determine their object, to which it is initially directed, does not hang in the air. It is rooted in the affective life of the psyche no less than vital needs. The first contact with values ​​occurs through communication with significant persons - parents. From the initial stages of ontogenesis, they interfere with the spontaneous functioning of vital needs, introducing into them the order necessary for the entire society. And if the becoming consciousness draws its strength mainly from affective images significant persons, then in the future it is freed from the need for such support and, in the pursuit of a goal-value, it self-organizes and produces its structure and content, moving in line with objective laws. The existing hierarchy of values, teleologically defining its subject - human consciousness, can give rise to values ​​that take it beyond the sphere of immediate vital needs of a given society. This is the axiological basis of progress.

Life values ​​are an integral part of the human worldview, confirmed by his consciousness, upbringing, life experience, and personal experiences. They are revealed by limiting the most significant and important from the unimportant. The accumulated baggage of certain values ​​modifies a person’s consciousness, regulates and motivates his activities, and ensures the formation of a strong personality.

Each person sets priorities in his own way, individually, and determines the importance and significance of certain phenomena. The list of generally accepted values ​​includes traditional material values. These include jewelry, fashionable branded clothing, paintings, modern technology, cars, real estate and much more. In addition to material ones, it should be noted spiritual, religious, moral and aesthetic values ​​(holiness, kindness, compassion, decency, cleanliness, etc.). Values ​​are a separate category social, such as position in society, social security, power, career, family, freedom and others.

Let us dwell in more detail on some universal human values.

Family and friendship

Family well-being, children, parents, friends - for most people this is the greatest value. Loving our family, our parents and children, and taking care of them is our sacred duty and privilege. Always treat your friends and the people around us with respect, sincerity and love, always be responsive and tolerant - this is a huge amount of work that must be paid for the value of human relationships. What do these relationships give us? They are a source of mutual support and sympathy, common goals and interests, understanding and emotional attachments.

Material well-being and career

There is no person in the world who would not like to stand firmly and confidently on his feet, not need anything, and ensure the well-being of his family. However, not everyone puts material wealth in first place in the conditional ranking of life values. Often a person faces a dilemma: work in a friendly team with loyal superiors, receiving moral satisfaction from work, or make a choice in favor of large fees, putting their personal life and health at stake. The ideal option is one in which work allows you to embody the most incredible ideas, gives you many useful contacts, and brings you both money and pleasure. But more often than not, something still has to be sacrificed, and the main thing here is not to make a mistake in choosing.

Health

Health for many people, especially in mature age, takes the first steps of the pedestal of values. At the same time, for some people, house, money, cars and vacations at expensive resorts come first. And some of them sometimes do not understand very well that a sick person no longer cares about anything except health, he is ready to give all material goods in exchange for recovery, but this is not always possible. You need to take more care of your physical condition, don't kill yourself bad habits and excessive hard work, give relief to your body and allocate sufficient time for rest and sleep. It is extremely important to realize that health is the most valuable thing in the life of any person, because health is necessary for everyone without exception.

Self-development

The development of the personality itself is very valuable. A person matures, becomes wiser, gains useful life experience, makes correct, informed and balanced conclusions and, accordingly, makes the right decisions in any life and professional issues. He controls his emotions, is cultured in communication, develops his horizons, and becomes the right guide for the younger generation. A comprehensively developed person pays attention to his health, physical training And appearance, neat in everything, clean both in thoughts and in relationships. A person who makes every effort to personal growth and self-improvement, strives to change his attitude towards life, to understand his role in the world, to improve relationships with people around him.

Creation

The value of creativity lies in the unique opportunity to realize your ideas. Creativity gives complete freedom of self-expression to the author, allowing him to bring to life his wildest thoughts, emotions, and images through the creation of the final product. Creative people are people with a fine mental organization; they are artists, musicians, sculptors, designers, fashion designers and many other people of art. They try to realize themselves in creativity, combining their calling, their talent with everyday activities and household responsibilities. Muse is the most important value in their development. The process of creating another masterpiece becomes the meaning of life, and inspiration makes this process incredibly easy and enjoyable.

Spirituality

Spiritually oriented people live according to their own canons. Their life values ​​are closely intertwined with the basic religious commandments: do not kill, do not steal, honor your parents, do not commit adultery, etc. They try to strictly follow the correct, already pre-written truths, and not acquire them on the basis of personal bitter experience. A spiritually developed person lives happily, and not only for himself, loves life in all its manifestations, appreciates every minute spent with loved ones and family, rejoices in the beauty of the earth (natural and created by people), enjoys music and gives thanks higher power for every day you live. Such a person respects himself and others, does not envy, does not sort things out, and has inner harmony.

Sometimes there are cases when, when experiencing a certain stress or getting into a difficult extreme situation, a person undergoes a restructuring of consciousness, and he overestimates his life values. What used to be the main meaning of life for him becomes simply a blessing. So, for example, only in illness does a person begin to value health, only in war does a true awareness of the value of such concepts as courage, loyalty, mutual assistance, and compassion occur.

It is very important to understand what exactly plays a dominant role in this life stage, which is now the most valuable. Only by setting your priorities correctly can you build your future with confidence.

Open your hands to change but not let go of your values. (Dalai Lama)

We are faced with the need to solve some problems every day. Every day we are faced with some circumstances that test our patience and character. In this situation, our life values ​​are very important, they serve as markers and allow us to make sure that we are moving along our path in the right direction. When all our words and actions are aligned with our values, life seems correct and meaningful to us, and we ourselves are confident and satisfied with ourselves. But if it happens that our behavior does not correspond to our inner beliefs, we very soon begin to feel anxiety and irritation that arise and grow within us. This unpleasant feeling tells us that not all is well in our world. Not only that, but these feelings can become a source of anxiety and unhappiness for us. And only by firmly following the instructions of our conscience can we maintain our self-esteem and feel self-sufficient and happy.

Our life values ​​are our internal compass, against which we must check every step we take. life's path. Do you have problems with health, money, relationships? This is because our internal models of the world do not match what actually is. Is it difficult to make any decision? And this is because we are not sure of what we really want and what is really important to us. When we have certain attitudes, it is easier for us to weigh options and find correct solution– after all, a person’s life values ​​serve as his support, and by following them, regardless of circumstances, we begin to live a more fulfilling and productive life.

What might be the main thing for you?

It is very important to decide what is most important to you, because life values ​​help shape character and control our actions, desires and decisions. Of course, for different people internal installations different: for one, the most important thing is what seems not so important for the other, and for the third, the main guideline in life in general differs from what is important for both the first and the second. And yet we can list the most frequently mentioned different people criteria that are of paramount importance in their lives and should have special meaning for every person. So, what could be the values ​​in life?

• Love is probably the very first thing that almost every one of us will name. This is an important personal value that deserves a special place in the life of every person. And here we are talking not only about romantic feelings, because this is not the only type of love that a person is capable of experiencing. The same way you love your loved ones and friends, you can love other people. Love for people gives rise to compassion, and this is another thing we must say when we list the basic values ​​of life. When we come to compassion, we begin to see the best in people, while they see the best in us.
• The understanding that every person needs. How often can you see people who hold in their hearts anger and resentment towards others, the reasons for whose actions they do not want to understand. Anger makes them blind and alienates them from others. If you are ready to understand and accept people and the circumstances that force them to act one way or another, you will gain control over the situation and will be able to find a common language with everyone.
• Respect for people is also a very important criterion. It not only allows us to find inspiration in best qualities others, but also allows you to better see and try to correct your shortcomings. Nobody's perfect; and respect is the only way we can notice the positive in others and strive to improve ourselves. And, like many other values ​​in life, respect tends to be reflected from other people to you - the more respect you have for others, the more respect they show for you.
• Discipline, which many, unfortunately, confuse with routine and try to avoid it. Routine means that we are sadly doing something very monotonous; Discipline is when a person acts even with some degree of fun, but the main thing that worries him is the complete fulfillment of his duties. A disciplined and responsible person will always respect his own and other people’s time, therefore one of his characteristic features You can call it punctuality.
• Faith in others. It can also extend to your attitude towards yourself. It is your determination that can lift a person if he has fallen. His self-doubt in difficult times can be destroyed by your faith in him. And what’s interesting is that this faith is contagious - the more you believe in others, the more your faith in yourself strengthens.
• Gratitude. When you take just a second to say “thank you,” expressing your appreciation for another, you ignite a huge fire of friendliness and gratitude in return for that person. It is gratitude that helps us see and feel the abundance of joy that our lives are generous with.
• Forgiveness. The ability to forgive frees us from the pain and anger that keep us stuck in the past. When you forgive, you let go of the hurt and move forward with your life.
• Friendship. Friends support us, and they are always ready to help with advice if we ask them for it. Friends serve us as support in difficulties and are always with us in joy.
• Hope. This is exactly the fuel that warms us when we are tired and cannot see the road. Hope assures us that sometimes the question is not “if” it will come true, but “when” it will happen.
• Optimism. There is an expression: “If you get a lemon, make lemonade out of it!” This is a very valuable quality - to be able to see the good even where it is very difficult to see. People with this quality always have less bad in life than good. Or rather, bad things don’t happen - because they know how to resist them.
• Patience is a value that creates a better state of mind that is more effective for decision making.
• Tolerance. There are people with whom we sometimes don't want to deal. But instead of showing them your contempt, it is better to show tolerance - this is the best and worthy alternative.
• Honesty. This isn't even worth discussing. And don’t be surprised that we name this criterion at the very end - this is because honesty is the foundation on which all other values ​​in life stand, no matter what they are. Honesty isn't just about admitting you made a mistake at work or telling your spouse the truth about where you spent money on their card. Honesty is admitting to yourself that you are not perfect. This is the only way you can influence your life to change it for the better.

How to set and use your main priorities?

There are very effective method define your values, and it is as follows:

1. Make a list of what seems most important to you in your life - so important that you cannot be happy without it. Your initial list may be very long - that's okay, you'll adjust it later.
2. Review your list and ask yourself: Is this really something I can’t live happily without? Without this, will my life really seem unbearable? If there is any doubt, remove it from your list.
3. Repeat this process until your list is reduced to six to ten values. Now you have a list of the most important life values ​​for you. Based on them, you can go through life feeling important and satisfied in everything you do.

Your personal values ​​are made up of everything that has happened in your life, and they include many various influences: the influence of your parents and family, attitude towards religion, your education, artistic preferences, your circle of friends and many other factors on which the life experience and prevailing worldview of each person depends. Effective people always recognize and consider these impacts. environment; they develop a clear, clear, and meaningful “set” of beliefs and priorities. How do you proceed further if you can consider yourself an established person with a coherent value system?

• You demonstrate and model your priorities in your personal and professional behavior, when making important decisions and during interpersonal interactions.
• You can rely on your values ​​in the family, building a relationship with your husband and raising children.
• You adjust and set life goals based on your main personality criteria.

Therefore, choose exactly those meanings that are truly most important to you, the meanings that define your character. They will be one of the most powerful tools, available to you, with the help of which you can become the person you want to be. It is a tool for achieving your goals and dreams, a tool for influencing other people and the reality around you. Don't miss your opportunity!

In a world where there are too many temptations that escape attention basic human life values. When we are constantly in a hurry to get somewhere, trying to get something done, life values ​​work as a reliable guideline that helps us not to go astray. When we act in accordance with them, we receive great satisfaction from this activity. Conversely, if our actions do not support our life values, we feel a loss of strength, anxiety, stress. Surprisingly, even health problems and difficulties in making decisions are consequences of the inconsistency of our actions with life values. What to do? How to keep the most important things in sight?

The main life values ​​of a person

It is difficult to outline them in a clear circle. What may be vitally important to one may not be of fundamental importance to another. But it is still possible to find some kind of arithmetic mean, which will represent the basic life values ​​of a person. So what are they?

1. The first thing everyone will name is love. And not only to opposite sex, but also to family, friends and relatives. Love gives rise to compassion, and not a single list of life values ​​can do without it.

2. Understanding – mandatory item, which includes the life values ​​of any person. Everyone wants to be understood, but understanding others also leads to the resolution and prevention of conflicts.

3. Respect allows you to be inspired positive features others, find flaws in yourself and correct them. But what is most pleasant is those life values, by broadcasting which we only increase them in our lives.

4. Discipline that many try to avoid. Few people consider it to be a person’s life values. Many people think of it as a chore, but in reality it is fulfilling one's responsibilities. It is not always hard and dull work. You can do them with joy.

5. Faith in people, including yourself. By broadcasting these life values, you infect others with confidence and strengthen faith in yourself.

6. Gratitude is that little thing that can raise a wave of enthusiasm and friendliness in another.

7. Forgiveness helps us turn our faces to the future and not suffer from grievances and pain.

8. Friendship is a person’s life values, on which he relies in difficult times.

9. Hope does not allow us to give up when it seems that there is nothing ahead.

10. Optimism helps to resist the bad - simply not to notice it.

11. Patience allows you to make the right decisions.

12. Tolerance helps you to be able to get along with all people. Regardless of personal preference.

13. Honesty. No matter who you ask what their core values ​​are in life, there will always be a place for honesty. It helps you admit your mistakes, change yourself for the better, and build trusting relationships.

How to prioritize

Life values ​​can be determined using the following principle:

Make a list of what makes you happy.
Analyze how vital each point is for you? If you can live without it calmly or with difficulty, cross it out.
Return to the list periodically, auditing it until you have six items left.

These will be the life values ​​that determine your life. Most likely, they will reflect your worldview, shaped by the people around you and life experiences.

How and where can these human life values ​​be used?

In personal and professional relations.
IN family relationships.
In setting life goals.

That is, determining for yourself human life values, you need to rely on your character, worldview, goals and dreams. A person's basic life values ​​can definitely lead him to the right path in life.