How to wire lighting in the attic. Electrical wiring in the attic of a house

Electrical wiring in the attic - a factor of increased danger, because the roof structure mainly consists of wooden, and, therefore, fire hazardous elements. Therefore, installation of electrical wiring requires professional knowledge and skills, as well as extreme caution.

The main difficulty is that the space between the wooden elements roofing structure, as a rule, densely filled with thermal insulation. Electrical wiring, in turn, has virtually no ability to dissipate heat and, therefore, can heat up, especially from high current.

Adding to the difficulties is the fact that there are no clear domestic rules and standards regarding the installation of electrical equipment in under-roof spaces. Therefore, when installing the electrical network in the attic, you should be guided existing standards GOST and, of course, common sense.

When installing the electrical network in under-roof spaces, you should use:

• for installation of lighting fixtures - copper wires with a cross-section of at least 1.5 sq. mm;
• for installing sockets - copper wires with a cross-section of at least 2.5 sq. mm;
• to protect wiring - fuses with a rated current of 10A;
• to protect sockets - fuses with a rated current of at least 16A.

Besides:

• Network installation should be carried out avoiding the use distribution boxes, i.e., each cable must be routed from one power source to one “point”;
• the electrical network must be provided separately circuit breaker with trigger setting 30 mA.

For electrical wiring installed in the attic, it is recommended to use a three-wire cable, or, in extreme cases, three single-wire cables laid in a special protective casing or tube. If necessary, wiring can also be installed using double-insulated wires or multi-core cables.

Note:
Electrical wiring laid on a wooden base should under no circumstances be secured with metal clamps. Such fasteners not only do not provide the recommended distance between the wire and the base, but can also damage the insulation.

Creating a plan
Before you begin installing electrical wiring, you must carefully consider the future needs of your users. You should create a plan diagram indicating the installation locations of lighting fixtures, sockets, etc. If some “points” are designed to power too powerful devices ( electric stoves, convector heaters, fan heaters), separate wires must be allocated for them. If you plan to install a water heating boiler in the under-roof room, power to such a unit must be supplied separately.

The number of “points” for lighting fixtures depends on the purpose of each individual room. But the number of sockets can be easily calculated in advance - each electrical appliance requires a separate socket, plus two spare ones.

After counting the required number of “points,” we can begin to determine the amount of cable we need. On average, there is one cable for every 15-20 square meters of living space. Well, there can be much more wires in the under-roof room.

Many sources clearly indicate the maximum number of “points” for one electrical network. Typically this includes 20 lighting fixtures and 10 sockets. But in the attic, lighting fixtures are located at a higher height than in other living spaces. Consequently, for high-quality attic lighting, it is necessary to use more powerful lamps. In this case, to reduce the load on electrical wiring, the following limitation for electrical networks should be accepted: 10 points for lighting fixtures and 6 for sockets.

Cables intended to power particularly powerful devices must terminate in only one connector. This primarily applies to refrigerators, freezers etc.

The attic is a great opportunity to increase your living space. The room under the roof of the building can be equipped as a bedroom, living room, children's room, recreation room, study, kitchen or bath. It would be a good idea to provide a balcony or loggia at the roof design stage. They will provide the attic with high-quality ventilation, an additional flow of fresh air and fill the room with natural light.

No matter how the room is adapted, interior design and good lighting in the attic play an important role. Designing comfortable conditions on the attic floor, it is necessary to take into account not only the configuration of the apartment, the shape of the ceiling, but also the number of lighting fixtures and windows, as well as their placement. After all, it is very important that sources of artificial and natural light were installed correctly.

During the day, the sun's rays penetrate through the hatches and window openings, which are located on a vertical or inclined plane of the roof. But on cloudy days and evening time comes to the rescue artificial lighting. It not only has a functional, but also a decorative purpose. Correctly chosen lamps can change or emphasize the style of interior decoration and hide imperfections.

Some lighting rules in the attic

In rooms with sloping ceilings, where, on the one hand, they are very high and low on the other, it should be especially light. This must be taken into account when selecting lighting fixtures, the color of trellises or paint for walls, and the color of material for a stretch ceiling.

If the room is small, then a combination of shiny stretch fabrics with ceiling and wall lamps of directional light, the walls will be visually moved apart. A installed lighting from LED strips or fluorescent light bulbs around the perimeter of the system will help make the apartments taller.

Visually reduced large room on the attic floor, but at the same time it will look cozy, incandescent or halogen light bulbs, due to the warm yellow light.

In order for the entire area to be evenly illuminated, you need to carefully consider the number and location of lighting devices.

Lighting for balconies or loggias

Many designers recommend that when choosing the type of lighting on a loggia or balcony, limit yourself to local light only. Although this is not a dogma. But there are examples when a candlestick with lace, a closed lampshade, a neon lamp for a balcony or a decorative wrought iron lantern are used as ceiling lighting for a loggia. The main thing is not to forget that lighting devices for the balcony should be in harmony with interior decoration adjoining room. Gentle warm lighting from a floor lamp or sconce will create a comfortable atmosphere, and shelves with cabinets can be illuminated separately.

If the loggia is adapted into a recreation room, then you can hang wall sconces. Interesting solution There will be installation of hidden light sources that are disguised as decoration. Flat sconces that are the same color as the walls look beautiful. If you like to read on the balcony, then it is appropriate to attach lamps above the chair. And diffused lighting will help you fully relax and unwind.

Instead of a sconce, you can use a floor lamp. If there are no separate sockets, then the only correct solution problems with lighting the loggia - this is an autonomous lighting device on a stand. It can be complemented with a table lamp with a textile lampshade that matches the interior.

When decorating a balcony space or loggia in modern style You can use spots installed on a metal strip equipped with halogen lamps. With this design you can adjust the direction of the light. This option will do for a balcony greenhouse.

There are always different shelves, racks and cabinets on the loggia, and they can be illuminated with a track system consisting of pendants or lamps on clips.

If the balcony space is small, then you can visually enlarge it with the help of good illumination of walls made of material with high reflective properties.

On a small balcony, it is not advisable to hang lighting fixtures in the middle of the ceiling, as the space will visually shrink.

Built-in halogen lighting fixtures are very popular and effective these days. With their help you can achieve bright illumination of the loggia. Local balcony lighting will compete with conventional chandeliers and lamps. To increase the space on the loggias, they combine the usual and the local, for example, around ceiling lamp attach point ones. They are also installed on walls.

Types of light sources

The design of lighting gadgets in the attic in most cases is determined by the operational characteristics of the premises and general style interior decoration.

For basic lighting, you can use a chandelier or built-in lamps with fluorescent lamps. If the decoration of the apartments is classic style, then it is better to fix the hanging candle holder on the central beam, and round ceiling panels are suitable for a minimalist design.

Rotary and stationary lights will look beautiful on suspended attic ceilings small size. When installing fixed illuminators, you should take into account the direction of the light, because their rigid fastening will not allow you to change the line of the light flux in the future. To solve this problem, you can use spots on special structures and change the light level during the day.

We must not forget that in addition to full illumination, there is also local illumination. Auxiliary lighting of individual zones will visibly expand the rooms in the attic. With the help of local light, you can highlight important areas in your home, various elements interior design or basic furnishings.

Local lighting devices include wall or spotlights, table lamps, sconces, floor lamps, neon and LED lighting.

We must not forget about emergency lighting. Low-power light bulbs are used in nightlights and on staircases and flights.

When planning decorative lighting for the attic level, you must first pay attention to ensuring that the room is not dark and gloomy. A combination of general and local light sources is an excellent option for such a room.

Spotlights in combination with neon or LED lighting on a multi-level ceiling will look unique and inimitable. If there is a picture or a mirror, you can illuminate them by hanging sconces on both sides, and a floor lamp near an armchair or sofa will create an intimate, calm atmosphere.

Attention to electrical wiring

Light is not only light bulbs, but also live cables. And the attic is most often built of wood and insulated with thermal insulation material. Electric wires tend to heat up, and they can become a source of fire. Therefore, it is better to contact a professional installer.

Before laying electrical wiring, you must know the exact number and placement of lighting devices, but at the same time remember about the interior design and furniture. Therefore, you first need to draw up a diagram of the location of balcony lamps, chandeliers, switches and additional sockets in case the furniture is rearranged.

To conduct a power line, experts recommend using a three-core conductor. The main condition: it is strictly forbidden to attach electrical wiring with metal clamps to wooden base. Such fasteners can damage the insulating material and will not provide the required gap between the cable and the base, so it is advisable to hide the wiring in a special protective tube or casing. It is also necessary to avoid installing distribution boxes on the attic floor; therefore, it is necessary to start laying electrical wiring directly from the panel.

To provide lighting for the loggia and balcony, electrical wiring is laid in exactly the same way as in the attic.

Video about lighting in the attic

Earlier we already started making partitions, the beginning. Since the time for finishing the house is formed in this way: in the summer we do exterior finishing and yard affairs, and in winter - internal, then in accordance with these motives, and also with the arrival of funds for it, he began further work. More precisely, he continued installing the electrical wiring...

And I immediately encountered the problem of running the wires inside the corrugation plasterboard walls not entirely simple, not all profiles have special holes for wiring, and their sizes are limited, and their locations are inconvenient, so you need to punch holes yourself in the right places, in addition, as a reinsurer, I was very worried that the corrugation would slide along torn edges holes in the profiles, in order to avoid accidental damage to the corrugation and cable, each pass in the profile was made through a rubber hose...

To begin with, I pulled all the wires to the future location of the distribution panel, from the main panel I used a 10-amp machine, from which a wire was extended to the 2nd floor, for LED lighting more than enough...

At first I made do with 3 6 ampere circuit breakers...

In the future, we will also add an RCD to the bathroom, even a “wet room”; a DIF automatic device will be installed on a group of sockets, one of which also exists in the bathroom; we will also add an RCD to the lighting group.

Bathroom from the inside, ventilation duct, penetrations of ventilation pipes and sewerage are visible, 3 ventilation pipe (corrugation) is still plugged plastic bag. As it should be in “wet” rooms, we sew it up with moisture-resistant gypsum board...

Many owners who have their own private houses with attics have probably thought about whether it is possible to make a comfortable and cozy bedroom. Taking into account the fact that most of people, one way or another, lack living space, such a solution can be a way out of the situation when it is necessary to create another room for living. At first glance it may seem that this is impossible, but practice confirms that today it is quite possible, but in order to turn cold attic In a warm residential attic, a number of actions should be taken.

How to insulate an attic?

So, any bedroom in the attic begins with comprehensive insulation, which should be approached very responsibly. It is here that heat loss is greatest, since this room has a large area of ​​​​contact with cold air. Can be used as insulation mineral wool(cost from 980 rubles per 1 m2) or polystyrene foam boards (cost from 230 rubles per 1 m2), the thickness of which must be calculated taking into account the climatic region of residence. It is important to note that there must be a ventilated space between the insulation layer and the roof, which will allow warm, moist air to be removed in a timely manner.

sprayed polyurethane foam.

As an option, noise and heat insulation of the attic using
sprayed mineral wool.

The process of insulating the attic:

• The first step is laying a layer of waterproofing, which is a special film that reliably protects interior space from accidental penetration of precipitation. If possible, remove it first roofing material and lay the film, it will be easier. However, if this is not possible, then the film is attached with inside roof, that is, from the attic side.
• Then they begin laying the insulating material, which is placed between the rafters and fixed in them by attaching OSB sheets, which are screwed with self-tapping screws on the inside of the rafters. Between the OSB sheets and the insulation, you must not forget to lay a vapor barrier film, which will reliably protect the insulation from moist warm air coming from inside the room. Such insulation of the attic will reliably protect the room from the penetration of cold air, and will also effectively retain heat.

How to make an attic bedroom

After comprehensive insulation, you should begin installing electrical wiring, for which it is important to draw up a diagram of the location of sockets and switches. Wiring can be done either open or in a closed way, which depends on the preferences of the owners. It is best to choose a three-core wire, with a cross-section of copper conductors of at least 1.5 mm, which also contains a grounding circuit, which is very important taking into account wooden surfaces sloping attic walls. The cost of such a wire VVGp ng 2x1.5 starts from 16 rubles per 1 m.

Remember that it itself is a fire hazard.

It is best to choose a three-core wire, with a copper core cross-section of at least 1.5 mm, which also contains a grounding circuit, which is very important taking into account the wooden surfaces of sloping attic walls.

If you do not immediately insulate electrical wires and insulation after finishing work,
then mice can ruin both the first and second.

When choosing switches, you should take into account the load, however, it is not recommended to choose machines with a power higher than 16 Amps.

The price for good and reliable electrical circuit breakers starts from 2.2 thousand rubles, and it is better not to save on this, since the safety of the people living in the house directly depends on it. It makes the most sense to trust all the insulation work, as well as the installation of electrical wiring. experienced craftsmen who can provide a guarantee for all work performed.

Finally, it must be said that the furniture in the attic should not be very heavy, because if the house originally had an attic, then design loads The cross rafters of the floor in the attic were not designed for high loads. In order to use the space wisely, it is most reasonable to install built-in cabinets, drawers and chests of drawers in places where the walls are beveled, which will allow you to properly zone the space, leaving the brightest and most spacious part for free passage. Taking into account all of the above, you can be sure that the residential attic will be comfortable and practical.

Video

Photo: porch.com, diynetwork.com, aaanimalcontrol.com,
hilo.hawaiitribune-herald.com, dehouss.com

American Red Oak (Du Roi) Family: Beech Other names: northern red oak (Canada and USA); southern red oak, Spanish oak (USA); red swamp oak, cherry oak (USA); Shumard red oak (USA). Distribution: Eastern Canada and USA American Red Oak - wood description The biscuit pink heartwood is reminiscent of other oaks. The grain is straight, coarse. Southern oak grows...

Niato (Palaquium maingayi) Family: Sapotaceae Other names: njatu (Indonesia); Padang (United Kingdom) Distribution: Small and Southeast Asia Description of Niato Wood The color of the heartwood varies depending on the species, but is generally pale pink to reddish brown, sometimes with darker stripes. The grain is straight or wavy and the texture is moderately fine. Weight is variable, but on average 620-720 kg/m3; specific…

In a hotel company, great attention is paid to safety issues. Guests must be confident in the safety of their belongings in order to use the services of the establishment without fear. Mechanical systems, which are easy to hack, have been replaced by electronic hotel locks. They are technologically advanced locking devices that not only provide high level security, but also perform auxiliary functions. Enterprise equipment...

We all know what swing doors are. This is not at all surprising, since they have long been used in many residential premises, offices, shops, etc. High sound insulation and reliable design makes such doors very popular in the market. So the system swing doors is perhaps the most common due to its obvious and numerous advantages. On the website raumplus.ua you will find…

Niove (Staudtia conditionitata) Family: Muscataceae Other names: kamashi, nkafi (Zaire); Oropa (Nigeria); Ekop (Cameroon); menga-menga (Angola) Distribution: Tropical West Africa, Cameroon, Gabon and Zaire Description of Niove Wood The wood is red-brown to orange with darker brown streaks of color. The grain is straight with a very fine texture. The surface is slightly shiny and sometimes oily. Weight 830 kg/m3; specific gravity…

Attic lighting must be taken into account when designing the floor and creating a comfortable environment inside the building. Properly designed placement of light sources creates a pleasant effect on residents.

When designing a lighting drawing, it is important to take into account all the features of the structure, the number of roof windows and the flow of the light beam, equidistant points artificial sources and features of the slope of the roof covering. Attic lighting options depends on standard project furniture, location of active areas and recreation.

Rules for selecting lamps for consecration attic floor

1. In the attic area it is necessary large quantity light sources. It is necessary to take into account the volume of lamps, as well as built-in lighting of furniture and walls.
2. Attic lighting will look impressive if the light beam of sconces or spots is directed at the wall. Visually, the space will expand, and the space will look more voluminous.
3. When light sources are formed around the perimeter, the room looks larger. If you install lamps near a large mirror, the reflection of the room will maximize the attic area.
4. The number of lighting points must be calculated, taking into account the illumination of the entire residential area of ​​the attic floor. The entire area of ​​the room requires light sources.
5. Modern halogen lamps produce a warmer shade of light. LEDs project cooler shades. You can choose the lamps themselves in different colors and brightness levels.
6. The lighting style must be selected taking into account the features of decoration and decor. The abundance of cold or warm shades does not always look harmonious.
7. It is important to remember that there is no luminous flux coming from windows at night, so the calculation of luminous power must be calculated without windows, taking into account the full area of ​​the building

Attic lighting is created different ways and types of artificial materials. From the quality of power and duration of the luminous flux, you can calculate the amount of light and the level of electricity consumption per square meter.

Types and types of attic lighting

Lighting fixtures in the attic area can be classified into several types. There are options for local and full area lighting. Sources of local lighting in the attic area are used most often, these include:

• Sconces and models of wall lighting sources;
• Ceiling and wall spots;
• Floor lamps;
• Floor, table and portable types of lamps;
• Spot ceiling devices consecration.

Attic lighting It is not always appropriate to use point light sources to create light throughout an entire area. For example, it is better to use sconces and point forms around the perimeter, and place a chandelier or large lamp in the center. Several floor lamps mounted in the corners visually increase the size of the room, emphasize the lines of the rooms and highlight the arrangement of furniture. Categories of general lighting are used not only on the attic floors, but throughout the house. The light from them is more diffused and spreads throughout the entire territory. This group includes the usual chandeliers. When choosing general lighting, it is recommended to install chandeliers in a single copy, regardless of the number of lamps and their power.

What lighting is best for a sloping attic?

Attic lighting with sloping ceilings, it is better to plan with point sources. It is better not to use common source devices in a narrow or small attic. This visually reduces the space and focuses attention in the center of the room, emphasizing the chandelier. Models that include standard lamps are visually more voluminous than spotlights with diode ones. Instead of a standard chandelier, InnovaStroy specialists recommend using several local light sources that are installed in frequently used spaces in the room. The rest of the light spreads systematically around the room, creating a dim accent of space.

An excellent option for implementing a light picture of a space with sloping sections of a residential attic is to install lighting fixtures on an inclined plane ceiling. Lamps for the attic are selected taking into account the dimensions possible for installation in a given space. Depending on the purpose of the attic zone, the level of illumination of the space is distinguished. For creative events and working area two levels and general and local sources are used together. To decorate the sleeping area, only point lighting sources are often used.

The light of the attic floor is the basis of comfort and harmonious living for the whole family. From a lack of light, the space looks more compressed and “puts pressure” on the body. In a more illuminated space in combination with sources daylight Every day being on the attic floor is pleasant and comfortable. Note that the windows located on the vertical walls of the attic floor do not allow required amount light because they are shaded roofing covering. Sometimes experts advise using the technology of installing a skylight, which enhances the flow of sun rays into the attic sections and increases the ventilation of the space. Ventilation similar to a skylight increases the comfort of the attic floor.

Artificial lighting of the attic floor. Choosing lamps for the attic

Modern lighting sources allow you to create a romantic and attractive atmosphere on any floor. An attic building is an ideal place for realizing design fantasies of creating a multifunctional area with bright lighting of a non-standard look. divided into several types depending on the type of lighting fixtures:

• Standard spotlights, often used regardless of purpose. They can be used either independently or as an addition to a general light source. Well sanctified small area space. Used in ceilings made of various materials, plasterboard and tension types. Installation options spotlights great amount. Used as lighting for a wooden attic, creating beautiful drawings and finishing.
• Crystal lighting diffusers are lamps that add zest to any room. They look impressive on the attic floor, emphasizing the decorative elements. The light of a crystal lamp is achieved due to the different sizes of lenses, which various levels looks amazing.
• Fiber optic lighting filaments consist of a stationary energy storage source to which many fibers containing light are connected. In this way you can create interesting drawings, starry sky and other beauty decoration elements.
• Fluorescent lamps mounted in suspended and plasterboard ceilings. The base remains completely hidden, and the light is diffused around the perimeter of the ceiling and illuminates the room. Using these lamps saves electricity.
• Desk lamp, floor lamps and other sources of local illumination.

Wooden attic lighting often carried out using several light sources. It is considered optimal to use stationary and spot lighting, supplemented by lamps or sconces in the bedside area.

Installation of electrical equipment in the attic area. Advice from professionals

Creating turnkey attic projects, InnovaStroy specialists are developing drawings for conducting electricity in the attic area. Attic lighting in wooden house requires compliance with all safety rules and the use of technology to protect electrical systems. When installing and assembling electrical systems in the attic floor, it is important to consider:

• Avoid securing wiring with metal-type brackets on wooden elements buildings. There is a high risk of damage to the insulating material and its surface, which will lead to moisture ingress and destruction in the fastening area.
• Usage plastic pipe fire protection makes it possible to prevent fire. Lighting an attic in a wooden house can never be done without using wiring protection. It is necessary to ensure that the space inside the pipe is sufficiently free.
• Three wire cable – The best decision for conducting electricity into the attic area. Multi-core cables are not as effective and suitable for use in a modern attic.
• The electrical wiring of the attic area must be entrusted to a professional technician and do not connect the devices yourself.

The convenience of using electricity for future owners depends on the correct wiring of electrical cables. If you have children, it is recommended to arrange a lighting system and switch locations that are convenient for everyone. Lighting an attic in a wooden house is a complex and exciting task that requires the supervision of a professional electrician. Renovation of a private house, apartment or office provides for the complete formation of the electrical system and the replacement of all cables. With proper design all the disadvantages of the attic structure are turned into advantages with the help of skillful distribution of light sources.

Design of attic rooms

Designers' advice on arranging an attic often includes a set of methods. A bright and spacious room at any time of the day is achieved not only by powerful sources of illumination, but also by finishing the interior area of ​​the room.

• It is important to decorate the walls of the attic area with light shades! The use of too dark furniture, wallpaper and decor in the design visually constrains the space and makes it inharmonious.
• Using multiple lighting sources attics are appropriate regardless of the volume of space, such as roof windows.
• Combination of colors with type of lighting. For example, when using a cold tone wallpaper, it is better to combine elements with warm spring Sveta.

The design of the attic floor depends on the convenience of the arrangement of furniture and the internal characteristics of the room.

Light in an attic-type children's room

A children's room is a wonderful place for a child to relax and a development area for a future student. When creating a project for an attic structure, it is necessary to take into account that a children’s room requires much more consecration than the parent’s bedroom or living area. In order for the children’s interior to look stylish and harmonious, it is necessary to correctly distribute the child’s relaxation and play areas. In the waking area, many light sources are placed in the form of the sun or starry sky. While in the sleeping area a lamp or sconce will be enough. The child's learning area is also highlighted by brightness. However, too powerful white light lighting devices negatively affect the child’s pupils, so for the children’s room mansard type It is better to use warm lighting.

Lighting of the work area on the attic floor

The attic work area looks stylish when the level of light matches that of an office or work area. Let us recall that the structural features mansard roof create a “pressing effect” on the body, and given the weak light, working for a long time in the attic area will be quite problematic. To organize stylish and comfortable work on the attic floor, it is necessary to create increased level illumination and install more powerful sources of light flux. The feeling of lack of light makes it difficult to concentrate and causes fatigue.

Cinema lighting in the attic area

Modern lofts often include the presence of a family cinema in the attic area. Extra space allows you to spend more time with your family. The lighting in the cinema area is more subdued and does not require the installation of a main source of light diffusion. In the cinema area, as in the sleeping area, it is appropriate to use spotlights, creating an emphasis on the work space. Note that the attic windows must be dimmed. Fabric blinds in dark tones that fit well into the interior of the room are excellent for this purpose.

The design of the attic floor and comprehensive lighting of the house must be trusted to experienced and professional craftsmen who can prevent difficulties that arise during the installation of the electrical system. The duration of operation depends on the quality of lighting wiring electrical appliances and the level of electricity consumption in the house.

The InnovaStroy company invites clients to familiarize themselves with ready-made projects residential attic. Taking into account the customer’s wishes, it is much easier for a professional to develop the style, brightness and power of lighting for the attic floor! An experienced electrician can only make the customer’s dream come true and install electricity in the attic floor. The formation of lighting for the attic floor occurs before interior decoration. Next, the safety of the structure is fully checked. A stylish, comfortable and “smart” home is created in short time agreed with the customer.

Video of decorating an attic and creating a full-fledged light zone.