What you need to eat that is healthy for pregnant women. Nutrition during pregnancy: how to balance your diet

During the period when a woman is preparing to become a mother, her taste preferences can constantly change.

The body often requires unusual taste combinations or exotic dishes.

In order to take care of the baby in the womb, you should know what the healthiest and worst foods are during pregnancy.

Food during pregnancy: meaning, principles, rules

For healthy fetal development, the diet should be as balanced and varied as possible. Pregnancy is the ideal time to switch to proper nutrition.

Important! Clinical studies have demonstrated that poor nutrition can provoke various complications during pregnancy and childbirth and lead to pathologies in the development of the fetus.

Basic principles:

1. Don't go hungry. Your body definitely doesn't need any nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy. Eat small snacks between meals to replenish your energy levels.
2. Know your limits. In contrast to the behavior described above, some women overeat during pregnancy. Excess calories make the fetus too large, which is fraught both for the mother during childbirth and for the health of the child itself.
3. Water mode. The kidneys experience increased stress during pregnancy, so only a doctor can determine the optimal amount of moisture for you. In any case, try to drink clean, still water, since sweet carbonated drinks and tea only provoke thirst and swelling.
4. Varied menu. Try to combine different food groups in your daily diet: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, plant fiber.
5. Drink freshly squeezed juices. The juicer will become an indispensable assistant during pregnancy and after the birth of the baby. Homemade juices are much healthier than packaged ones because they do not contain additional sweeteners.
6. Don't forget the soup. A variety of soups contribute to the proper functioning of the digestive system. Soups made from low-fat meat and vegetable broth are especially beneficial for the body.

Be sure to check out:

What foods are good for you while pregnant?

N. Samoilenko, nutritionist, consultant at Pampers Active Baby Forum

The first thing a pregnant woman should avoid is alcohol in any form; much has already been said about the dangers of such a product. In second place are black tea and strong coffee.

For pregnant women, issues of the benefits and safety of products should be a priority, so you should not take risks with popular rolls or mushroom dishes.

S.Yu. Buyanov, experienced obstetrician-gynecologist, head of the birth. department

A course of additional vitamins and minerals is simply necessary for the expectant mother and the health of the child. Alas, even a wide variety of seasonal vegetables and fruits cannot provide the body with sufficient nutrients, especially during pregnancy.

The selection of a vitamin complex should be approached as carefully and thoughtfully as possible - An excess of certain substances in the body is just as dangerous as a deficiency. In this matter, do not do anything on your own; strictly follow the recommendations of your gynecologist.

D.G. Sulzhenko, nutritionist, popular fitness trainer

Nutrition affects not only the course of pregnancy, but also affects the process of childbirth. No matter how strange it may sound, the best advice for an expectant mother is to make an appointment with an experienced nutritionist.

A qualified doctor will help you figure out the optimal diet during pregnancy, taking into account your state of health and your current well-being.

Useful video

Main conclusions

1. Nutrition is the foundation for the development of the baby and the health of the mother during pregnancy.
2. For the proper development of all organs and systems of the embryo, a balanced menu should be followed - a pregnant woman’s diet should contain carbohydrates, proteins and healthy fats.
3. In addition to the harm of alcohol and caffeine, you should remember that any meat, fish or eggs without careful heat treatment can be deadly to a child.

A pregnant woman's diet should contain maximum benefits. If you have any doubts regarding the use of certain products, be sure to consult your doctor!

Nutrition during pregnancy should be “healthy”, i.e. contain in the diet healthy natural products necessary to maintain a woman’s body in good shape.

Nutrition during the 1st week of pregnancy involves eating regular foods that do not contain harmful ingredients. Usually, a woman learns about the onset of pregnancy only starting from the 3rd obstetric week, but planning this an important event should take care of proper nutrition in advance. So, at the stage of planning conception, you need to increase your intake of folic acid. In its natural form, it is found in almost any greenery, grain crops, and fresh lettuce. In many cases, the gynecologist prescribes folic acid in capsule form.

You should remember the benefits of fresh vegetables, fruits and berries, but it is advisable to avoid sweets, fatty foods and canned foods. This will help get rid of early toxicosis and possible problems with obesity. For the expectant mother, bright yellow fruits will be useful: melon, bananas, mangoes, peaches, as well as yogurt with natural berries, toast with cereals and cheese, etc.

Nutrition at 2 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during pregnancy in the first 14 days should be varied and nutritious, because during this period the birth of a new life occurs in the female body. First of all, the expectant mother should give up unhealthy foods that do not bring any benefit, for example, fast foods (french fries, pizza, hot dogs). You need to consume more dairy products, cheeses, yoghurts and cereal salads.

Nutrition during the 2nd week of pregnancy should be fortified. The expectant mother is recommended to eat fresh fruits and vegetables, especially yellow ones: peaches, mangoes, pumpkin, etc. To avoid the development of early toxicosis, it is necessary to avoid fried and fatty foods. Also during this period you should take folic acid, which has a beneficial effect on fetal development. You can buy this drug in advance at a pharmacy and start taking it already during the period of planning conception. Many products contain folic acid in its natural form - these are fruits, dried fruits, as well as fresh frozen and pureed berries and fruits: kiwi, bananas, figs, raspberries, strawberries, pomegranates, etc. Among vegetables with a high content of folic acid, all types of cabbage are in the lead and eggplants. A lot of this beneficial substance is found in greens: parsley, lettuce, as well as spinach and beans. In addition, vitamin B9 is found in porcini mushrooms, yeast, hazelnuts and walnuts.

The expectant mother's basic need for vitamins is met by taking foods of plant and animal origin: wholemeal flour products, potatoes, legumes, liver, meat, milk, butter, cottage cheese, etc.

In the second week of pregnancy, it is recommended to limit the intake of sweets (jam, cakes, sweets and other confectionery), as they can lead to rapid weight gain. It is worth completely eliminating the consumption of sugar in its pure form. The following are strictly prohibited: alcoholic drinks, medications (unless prescribed by a doctor), spicy seasonings and canned food (they contain toxic preservatives).

Nutrition at 3 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during pregnancy is a very serious issue that must be approached with full responsibility. It is especially important to take into account the correct diet of a pregnant woman in the first weeks after conception, when all the internal organs of the unborn baby are formed. First of all, you need to take care of your daily vitamin intake. In this regard, fresh vegetables, fruits and berries would be an ideal option. In winter, it is useful to eat dried fruits and freshly frozen fruits and berries, which preserve the entire complex of beneficial vitamins.

Nutrition during the 3rd week of pregnancy should consist of calcium-containing foods: milk and various dairy products, natural fruit juices, green vegetables and broccoli. Calcium takes part in the formation of the baby’s skeletal system. No less important for correct construction The child’s body contains such microelements as zinc and manganese, which are found in sufficient quantities in eggs, lean beef, pork and turkey meat, oatmeal, bananas, almonds, and walnuts. During this period, it is useful for a pregnant woman to eat carrots, spinach, raisins - these products should be taken in combination and alternating with each other. It is necessary to ensure that in the third week of pregnancy the above products are always present in the diet of the expectant mother.

Nutrition at 4 weeks of pregnancy

The question of rational nutrition of the expectant mother is relevant not only during this period, but also in the future. initial stage pregnancy planning. Harmful toxic substances can have a negative impact on the development of the embryo, so a woman must monitor her diet even before conception.

Starting from the fourth week, the fertilized egg develops rapidly, which gradually takes the form of an embryo, outwardly similar to a flat disk. During the 4-week period, active growth of the embryo begins, vital organs and small tissues are formed in it.

Nutrition in the 4th week of pregnancy comes down not only to eating exclusively healthy foods, but also to avoiding harmful ones. For example, during this period it is recommended to give up coffee. The diet of the expectant mother should be as balanced as possible and combine vitamins and microelements, since their lack can negatively affect the course of pregnancy. A pregnant woman's menu should include natural products: for example, instead of sausages and smoked meats, use boiled meat. The expectant mother will benefit from daily consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, cereals and whole grain bread.

Nutrition at 5 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition in the 5th week of pregnancy is most often complicated by early toxicosis. In this case, you should try to replace protein products of animal origin (eggs, meat, etc.) with plant proteins - soy, legumes or nuts. It is recommended to increase the consumption of carrots, apricots, mangoes, and if you do not like milk, you should replace it with cheese or yogurt. If food does not bring pleasure, you should not torture yourself and eat forcibly; foods that cause disgust must be completely excluded from the diet.

If toxicosis and other unpleasant symptoms debilitate a pregnant woman, causing food rejection, it is recommended to start taking additional pyridoxine (vitamin B6), which has a positive effect on the absorption of proteins, and, therefore, alleviates the manifestations of toxicosis. In addition, on early stages Pregnancy is helped by split meals: you should eat little and often, this will help avoid unpleasant attacks of nausea. If no recommendations help, and the body rejects everything eaten, the expectant mother should go to the hospital. During such a difficult period, she will need injections of vitamin preparations, as well as intravenous glucose.

Nutrition at 6 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition in the 6th week of pregnancy has a certain innovation: the expectant mother is recommended to start the day with a cup of tea, crackers or crackers even before getting out of bed. This will reduce the manifestations of early toxicosis. Before going to bed, you should also eat a little. For this purpose, for example, a handful of raisins will do. During this period, it is recommended to drink more (at least 8 glasses of clean water per day), and also refuse any dishes containing fatty, smoked, or canned foods.

For a period of 6 weeks or more, it is necessary to adjust the diet, since fetal development during this period is very active, and the unborn baby vitally needs nutrients, microelements and vitamins. Thus, for the normal formation of the nervous and circulatory systems, as well as internal organs, calcium, fluorine, phosphorus, and vitamins B and E are very important. In this case, taking vitamin and mineral preparations will be beneficial, the prescription of which should be entrusted to a gynecologist. Among the products that contain vitamins and nutrients in their pure form are fruits, vegetables, herbs, meat and fish, nuts, and dairy products.

Nutrition at 7 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during the 7th week of pregnancy should be aimed at reducing the manifestations of toxicosis, which often torments women in the first 10 weeks of bearing a child. To prevent nausea and vomiting, doctors recommend that pregnant women have small snacks in bed in the morning. Suitable products for such a breakfast include dry biscuits, salted pretzels, crackers, and cereal breads.

At week 7, it is important to include calcium-containing foods in the diet, since during this period the embryo begins to develop milk teeth. Of course, calcium should not be abused, as this can lead to toning of the uterus.

To prevent increased gas formation, it is better to avoid eating legumes, fried potatoes and cabbage. Preference should be given to plant foods, healthy fats and carbohydrates, which will give the expectant mother the same energy, and the baby the strength for active growth: fresh vegetables and fruits, meat, dairy products, nuts.

Nutrition at 8 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during pregnancy, starting from the 8th week, should be even more balanced and contain full complex vitamins and microelements to fully provide the growing embryo with all the necessary substances.

Nutrition during the 8th week of pregnancy comes down to a varied diet with healthy foods. If a pregnant woman continues to suffer from toxicosis, she should eat nuts, dry cookies, and drink ginger tea in the morning. During this period, it is still important to eat protein foods, including lean meats, boiled or steamed. The expectant mother will benefit from various variations of preparing meat dishes: steamed cutlets, meatballs, oven-baked meat, etc.

To maintain balance useful substances Fish and seafood are very healthy. Fresh fruits and vegetables will help improve intestinal motility and prevent constipation. The expectant mother should remember about such a source of calcium and protein as milk and dairy products. You can safely eat porridge and dried fruits.

Among the foods that should be excluded from the diet, it is necessary to note legumes, cabbage, and baked goods. yeast dough, as well as fresh bread. Such products contribute to flatulence and gas formation, generally complicating intestinal function. During this period, a pregnant woman is also recommended to limit the consumption of coffee and strong tea, which have a stimulating effect on the nervous system.

Do not overload your stomach and liver with “forbidden” foods: fried, spicy, fatty foods, as well as pickles. Their use often leads to heartburn. In addition, salty foods contribute to fluid retention in the body, which can lead to the development of edema.

Nutrition at 9 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during pregnancy should be fortified and also contain healthy microelements, fats, proteins and carbohydrates. At the same time, it is necessary to exclude from the expectant mother’s diet those foods that can have a detrimental effect on the fetus (black coffee and strong tea, carbonated drinks and any alcohol-containing drinks).

During the 9th week of pregnancy, active hormonal changes occur in the female body, including at the level of metabolic processes. For this reason, creating a menu for the expectant mother must be approached with all responsibility. In this case, a balanced diet is the best option. According to medical research, insufficient nutrition and starvation of a pregnant woman can provoke a miscarriage, as well as lead to a lack of weight or growth of the fetus, and a deterioration in its viability. But an excess of food can lead to significant metabolic disorders and a sharp increase in the body weight of the expectant mother. This is due to the increased energy value of the foods consumed, which results in increased formation of adipose tissue.

Meals during the 9th week of pregnancy should not only be varied, but also fractional. A 4-5 daily regimen is recommended for pregnant women. Particular attention should be paid to the sufficient content of vitamins and beneficial microelements in food (iron, iodine, cobalt, etc.), since they regulate the processes of biochemical reactions (metabolism) occurring at the cellular level. In addition, their beneficial effects on the immunological functions of the body have been proven.

A big role is given to replenishing fluid in the body of the expectant mother. Every day, a pregnant woman should receive at least 1-1.5 liters of “free” fluid along with water, tea, compote, juices, soup and other products.

Nutrition at 10 weeks of pregnancy

At the 10th week, the expectant mother may want something unusual; her taste preferences often change. In such cases, you need to listen to your desires and eat what your heart desires, only in moderation. It is believed that in this way a woman’s instinct tells her what the fetus needs at a given stage of its development.

Nutrition at the 10th week of pregnancy must be healthy and balanced in order to fully provide the expectant mother and her baby with all the necessary substances. Fresh vegetables and fruits, fish, meat, and dairy products are still important in the diet. Spicy, salty, fatty foods should be avoided, as well as marinades, which can cause heartburn. Sweets are also prohibited foods, as they can increase the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. It is better to replace pasta and white bread with products made from wholemeal flour, and white rice with unrefined rice.

Nutrition at 11 weeks of pregnancy

Many experts advise expectant mothers to strictly monitor their diet and the amount of food they consume, since the development of the fetus depends on these factors.

Nutrition at 11 weeks of pregnancy should be as balanced as possible. Insufficiency of the female body in nutrients and the associated negative factor, weight loss of the pregnant woman, affects the intrauterine development of the fetus. For example, protein-calorie malnutrition can lead to premature birth, congenital anomalies of the fetus, or low birth weight of the newborn. And, conversely, excess protein in the diet of the expectant mother increases the risk of weight gain in the newborn and the development of encephalopathy.

During this period of pregnancy, it is important to supply the body with essential fatty acids, vitamins B1, B6, E, C, A and D, folic acid, fluorine, calcium, iodine. All these beneficial substances must be optimally combined with each other.

When the 11th week of pregnancy begins, toxicosis is no longer so noticeable, so it will be easier for the expectant mother to cope with morning sickness and take foods that were rejected by the body due to toxicosis. At this stage, it is recommended to consume large quantities of vegetables and fruits, which are natural sources of vitamins.

Nutrition at 12 weeks of pregnancy

Expectant mothers are strictly contraindicated from semi-finished products, smoked foods, salty, fatty foods, as well as dry food.

One of the main recommendations of nutritionists regarding the diet during the 12-week period of pregnancy is to consume large quantities of fruits and vegetables, and in the cold season - dried fruits and fresh frozen berries. Healthy foods for the expectant mother will include porridge, meat, fish, dairy products, vegetables and fruits. The method of preparing food also affects the “healthiness” of food. Thus, fruits and vegetables are best consumed raw, and all other foods (meat, fish) are boiled or baked.

Nutrition at the 12th week of pregnancy should again be as fortified as possible. During this period, the internal organs and systems of the child are practically formed, active development and growth of the fetus continues, and this requires the use of sufficient amounts of vitamins - important catalysts for metabolism.

Particular attention should be paid to breakfast. It must be complete and nutritious. You should eat frequently throughout the day, but do not overeat. There is no need to “stuff” into yourself those foods that cause disgust. During this important period, it is advisable to spend more time in the fresh air, and also allow moderate physical exercise.

Nutrition at 13 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at the 13th week of pregnancy, as before, should be limited to eating healthy foods. First of all, this applies to fruits and vegetables, meat, fish, and dairy products. Food should be fresh and healthy. It is strictly not recommended to consume smoked meats, fatty, spicy foods, as well as products that contain synthetic substances.

A pregnant woman needs to monitor her weight gain. Overeating can trigger the development of obesity, which, in turn, has an adverse effect on the fetal development of the baby. Often at the 13th week, pregnant women experience the first swelling, so it is important to monitor fluid intake.

At the 13th week, the construction of the fetal skeleton is completed, and a period of increased growth of the baby begins. The expectant mother should enrich her daily diet by about 300 kcal. This means additional consumption of apples, wholemeal toast, and a glass of milk or kefir in between meals. If you want to eat something sweet, you should give preference to dried fruits or chocolate. Naturally, moderation is needed in everything, and even more so in nutrition. Therefore, the main condition for a favorable pregnancy at any stage is adherence to the rules of rational nutrition and adherence to the doctor’s recommendations.

Nutrition at 14 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition during pregnancy at each week of fetal development has certain recommendations from nutritionists, but there is one general rule that applies to the entire period of gestation: the expectant mother’s diet should be healthy and balanced. A pregnant woman needs to be careful with products that can trigger allergies, for example, honey or citrus fruits. Canned food, fried foods, smoked foods and semi-finished products must be removed from the table.

Nutrition at the 14th week of pregnancy requires restrictions on the consumption of foods that provoke increased gas formation - primarily cabbage, pears and legumes. To avoid constipation, the expectant mother needs to constantly enrich her diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, dairy products, and foods rich in fiber. Fatty meats should be replaced with dietary ones (beef, rabbit, chicken). In addition, the expectant mother’s diet must include fresh fish dishes in order to provide the body with unsaturated fatty acids and phosphorus.

First of all, the nutrition of a pregnant woman at 14-15 weeks should be exclusively dietary. However, we should not forget to provide the child with all the necessary nutrients through nutrition and taking vitamins. An unbalanced diet, frequent overeating and excessive consumption of fatty foods, canned food, and sweets can lead to consequences such as obesity, late toxicosis or allergies.

Nutrition at 15 weeks of pregnancy

At the 15th week, the expectant mother should diversify her diet with healthy foods. For this purpose, it is recommended to include fresh vegetables and fruits, lean meat, eggs, all kinds of cereals, cottage cheese, cheese and kefir in the daily menu, as well as vegetable fats rich in vitamin E and necessary to strengthen the walls of the placenta. It is useful for the expectant mother to consume various vegetable oils, which should be added to ready-made dishes.

Nutrition at the 15th week of pregnancy is, first of all, protein nutrition, since it is protein that serves as a kind of “ building material“for the proper development of the child’s body. Proteins are found in eggs and fermented milk products, so the expectant mother should eat 100 grams of cheese and cottage cheese, one egg at least once a day, and also drink a glass of kefir. During the 15-week period, according to the recommendations of nutritionists, the expectant mother needs to eat 200 g of meat per day, replacing it with fish twice a week, and only with low-fat varieties.

It should be borne in mind that eating raw fruits and vegetables throughout the entire period of gestation will ensure useful vitamins and carbohydrates not only the body of the expectant mother, but also the fetus itself. Nutritionists recommend that pregnant women consume 600 grams of vegetables and 300 grams of raw fruits daily. In the cold season, they can be replaced with raisins, prunes, dried apricots and figs, as well as dried fruits.

Nutrition at 16 weeks of pregnancy

During this period, the baby develops vision, hearing, smell, and active fetal movement begins. The expectant mother should carefully monitor the quality and quantity of products consumed. As always, vitamins are very important at this stage. It is recommended to include cabbage, yellow peppers and carrots in your diet - natural sources of vitamin A.

Nutrition at the 16th week of pregnancy should be as complete as possible, observing the correct ratio of substances beneficial to the body. Eating six meals a day in small portions of healthy, natural, nutritious food is the optimal regimen during this period of gestation. In this case, breakfast must be nutritious, just like the first courses for lunch; for dinner it is better to use “light” dishes. It is better to avoid snacking during this period, as they have an adverse effect on the weight gain of a pregnant woman.

As before, fatty foods, smoked foods and pickles are contraindicated for the expectant mother, since salt contributes to the development of edema. Flour products in large quantities, as well as sweets, are extremely undesirable. It is recommended to monitor the preparation of dishes: food must always be thoroughly boiled, and milk must be boiled.

At the 16th week, the female body’s need for vitamins and beneficial microelements increases significantly, so it is necessary to take care of additional intake of vitamin complexes, especially vitamin D and calcium. Of course, this step should be discussed with your doctor.

Nutrition at 17 weeks of pregnancy

The 17th week of pregnancy is very important for the growth and development of the fetus; during this period, the expectant mother’s nutrition must be planned by drawing up a daily menu. The fact is that at this stage the child is growing rapidly, he is actively gaining weight, so the small body needs the required amount of nutrients.

It should be noted that at the 17th week of pregnancy, the expectant mother often experiences discomfort due to decreased motor activity and relaxation of the gastrointestinal tract muscles. The latter factor provokes the slow passage of food consumed, as a result of which a pregnant woman may experience problems such as constipation or heartburn. To avoid such troubles, she is recommended to eat 6 small meals a day. The best option food includes pureed soups, various cereals, and vegetable dishes. It is useful to eat a portion of oatmeal per day, as it gently coats the stomach and retains excess liquid.

Nutrition at the 17th week of pregnancy, first of all, should be fortified. A pregnant woman should also remember about iron-containing foods - beef, prunes, raisins, dried apricots, as well as apple-plum and pomegranate juice. Starting from the fifth month, a pregnant woman needs to take her diet even more seriously and completely exclude raw seafood, as well as unpasteurized cheeses and milk. Meat should be thoroughly boiled, and fish is recommended to be consumed exclusively stewed or boiled no more than twice a week. The expectant mother needs to give up caffeine and stop drinking coffee. If this is difficult to do, then you should try to reduce its consumption gradually. The fact is that caffeine in large doses often leads to miscarriage, low birth weight, and prematurity.

A pregnant woman should exclude hot chocolate, cocoa, strong tea, carbonated drinks, alcohol and energy drinks, as well as salty and fatty foods, sour berries, and canned vegetables from her diet. If at the 17th week the expectant mother suffers from heartburn, it is recommended to use alkaline non-carbonated mineral water, boiled milk, as well as freshly squeezed potato juice. One of these liquids should be drunk on an empty stomach to avoid evening heartburn. You should not use soda, as it can increase the amount of gas in the stomach, which will make heartburn even more intense.

Nutrition at 18 weeks of pregnancy

The issue of choosing a menu for a pregnant woman must be approached with all responsibility throughout the entire period of bearing a child.

Nutrition at the 18th week of pregnancy should be as balanced, rational and fortified as possible. In order to prevent excessive weight gain, as well as the development of diabetes, the expectant mother should completely exclude pure sugar, all kinds of sweets and high-fat foods from her diet. To compensate for calcium deficiency in the body, a pregnant woman must constantly include dairy and fermented milk products in her diet: pasteurized milk, low-fat kefir, cheeses and cottage cheese. In order for the child’s intrauterine development to occur at a full level, the mother’s body must receive sufficient amounts of “building material” - protein. Dishes prepared from lean meats and fish are suitable for this purpose.

To prevent constipation and provide normal work organs of the gastrointestinal tract, a pregnant woman’s diet should include raw vegetables, berries and fruits rich in vitamins and fiber, which will be very beneficial for the small organism that is rapidly developing in the womb. In addition, care should be taken that the child receives vitamin C and folic acid. In this regard, especially valuable products are apple juice and celery. For the full development of the child’s hematopoietic system, a young mother is recommended to regularly consume iron-containing foods: apples, beef liver, and buckwheat porridge And tomato juice.

Such current problem, as the occurrence of edema, becomes especially “acute” just in time for the 18th week of pregnancy, so the expectant mother must balance her regimen in such a way as to prevent the development of edema. To do this, you need to significantly limit your salt intake and, if necessary, liquid intake.

Nutrition at 19 weeks of pregnancy

By regularly visiting a doctor, the expectant mother will receive valuable recommendations and advice on proper nutrition. It is important to create a diet and strictly follow its rules. Since in the middle of pregnancy the female body begins to gradually prepare for childbirth, at the 19th week the expectant mother can rapidly gain weight, so she should pay maximum attention to a balanced diet, because we are talking not only about her health, but also about the full development of the baby. During this period, the doctor can prescribe a pregnant woman a vitamin-mineral complex with a high content of those elements that, according to the results of medical tests, she lacks.

Nutrition at the 19th week of pregnancy must include calcium-containing foods, as well as foods rich in vitamins A, B, C and iron. During this period, you should not get too carried away with foods that contain large quantities of carbohydrates and fiber. It is useful to include boiled meat, as well as raw fruits and vegetables in your diet. Many people are mistaken in believing that for normal fetal growth one should consume as many vitamins as possible. You should approach it rationally this issue, since “extra” vitamins do not bring any benefit and are simply eliminated from the body.

A pregnant woman constantly needs energy, so to replenish it you need to eat well and eat a daily portion of lean beef, as well as legumes, dried fruits, and nuts. It is necessary to exclude artificial food from the diet and definitely introduce beef, cereals, eggs, dried apricots, persimmons, tomato juice, and rabbit meat into the menu. The main recommendations of nutritionists are to eat small meals and not starve. It is also important not to overeat, since excessive food consumption threatens the development of many problems, in particular obesity.

Nutrition at 20 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at the 20th week of pregnancy, as before, should be as healthy as possible. It is advisable to eat little and often so as not to feel hungry. A full breakfast and lunch play an important role, but dinner should be light. A pregnant woman's diet should contain large quantities of vegetables and fruits, as well as cereals, fish, lean meat, milk and dairy products. It is best to replace sweets with “healthy” carbohydrates contained in bran, fruits, and cereals.

The expectant mother should take boiled, stewed, baked foods; fried and smoked foods should be completely abandoned. When cooking, it is recommended to limit the use of salt, as it provokes water retention in the body and can cause swelling. At the 20th week of pregnancy, it is advisable to limit your fat intake. You should eat citrus fruits, exotic fruits, and strawberries with caution, as such products can cause allergies.

To avoid calcium deficiency, the expectant mother needs to constantly consume milk, yogurt, low-fat cottage cheese, and kefir. If necessary, you should take calcium supplements prescribed by your doctor. Nutrition at the 20th week of pregnancy should include foods containing vitamins A, B, C, E, D, iron, and phosphorus. Fish oil, vegetable salads, fresh carrots, natural juices - these products will definitely benefit a pregnant woman and ensure her good health, and will also have a beneficial effect on the normal functioning of the fetus.

Nutrition at 21 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 21 weeks of pregnancy most often comes down to the pregnant woman’s irresistible desire to eat “something tasty”; during this period she experiences an irresistible craving for certain foods. This factor may indicate a lack of some vitamins or minerals in the body. In this case, it is important to listen to your needs, and if a woman is constantly “pulled” to sweets and foods that do not contain nutrients, then she should not submit to such deceptive desires. It is best to consult a doctor to prescribe a vitamin-mineral complex and coordinate the regimen.

At the 21st week, a pregnant woman’s meals should be regular, complete and fractional. It is important to monitor fluid intake - this is of great importance for the renewal of amniotic fluid. At this stage, eggs, dairy products, seaweed, beef and lean pork, chicken, nuts, bean dishes. Sugar and salt should be limited, and boiled food should be consumed instead of fried and smoked foods. For fruits, preference should be given to apricots, pears, apples, peaches, grapes, and vegetables - lettuce, cabbage, and tomatoes. Fresh berries, herbs, dried apricots, legumes, and honey are also useful.

The diet of a pregnant woman at 21 weeks must include fish (crucian carp, salmon, trout, pike perch) and unrefined carbons, large amounts of which are found in potatoes, black bread, buckwheat porridge, rice, and boiled peas. It is recommended to consume approximately 40 grams of vegetable oil and butter daily. Food should be varied, without harmful foods.

Nutrition at 22 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at the 22nd week of pregnancy is reduced to the consumption of iron-containing foods, since during this period there is an increased need for this microelement due to an increase in the weight of the fetus and, accordingly, the uterus. As a result, the consumption of iron for the formation of hemoglobin increases. Among the foods that contain large amounts of iron are whole grain bread, quail eggs, red meat, oatmeal, dried fruits, green vegetables, soy cheese, apples, beans.

In the 22nd week, as before, you should eat 5-6 times a day in small portions. It is advisable to include an additional breakfast in the diet (for example, porridge with fruit, an omelette, a glass of milk with biscuits, etc.), as well as an afternoon snack (berries and fruits, curd mass, rosehip decoction, natural juice).

To avoid swelling, you should reduce your fluid intake to 1.5 liters per day. Juices should be given preference only to natural, freshly squeezed ones that do not contain preservatives. Drinks such as strong tea, coffee, cocoa, and soda should be excluded from the diet.

A pregnant woman needs to remember the need to constantly replenish calcium in the body. This essential microelement is necessary for building a strong skeletal system in a child. It is recommended to replenish calcium reserves by eating beans, almonds, persimmons, spinach, broccoli, apricots, and dairy products. It is recommended to consume fish regularly, as it is a source of healthy polyunsaturated amino acids, which are very important for the development of brain cells, as well as a child’s visual acuity.

During a 22-week pregnancy, the expectant mother's diet should include a sufficient amount of fiber, which prevents the development of constipation and also effectively cleanses the body of toxins and metabolic products. During this period, it is advisable to take vitamins, the choice of which is best entrusted to a doctor.

Nutrition at 23 weeks of pregnancy

The future mother's body's need for nutrients will be provided by seasonal fruits, berries, vegetables, fresh herbs, and natural juices.

Nutrition at the 23rd week of pregnancy should, as before, be as balanced as possible. You should keep your calcium and iron intake under control, avoid salt, marinades, smoked foods and other “harmful” delicacies. At this stage, the pregnant woman’s increasing weight is already noticeable, which can cause a lot of trouble in the form of shortness of breath, sleep disturbances, and aches in the legs. Weight gain should be normal (no more than 5-7 kg at 23 weeks), so it is important for the expectant mother to strictly adhere to doctors’ recommendations in order to avoid complications associated with excessive obesity. You can control your weight by weighing yourself daily.

A pregnant woman’s diet should still contain natural products; liquids are the best choice clean water, fresh juices, sugar-free compotes, fruit drinks, freshly squeezed juices. Among products containing protein, you need to select low-fat varieties of fish and meat. Flour and sweets should be limited to the maximum level, since such foods are very high in calories.

Nutrition at 24 weeks of pregnancy

At the 24th week, due to the increased size of the uterus pressing on the stomach, the expectant mother may experience various unpleasant symptoms, including heartburn. That is why it is so important to adhere to the rules of rational nutrition and eat little by little. In addition, you should avoid spicy and fatty foods, coffee, and carbonated drinks. The main rule during this period is not to overeat!

Nutrition at 24 weeks of pregnancy comes down to controlling the weight of the expectant mother. If her weight exceeds the norm, you need to think about a diet. In this matter, you must strictly follow the advice and recommendations of your doctor. Starving yourself is strictly prohibited, since the baby must, as before, receive all the necessary nutrients for full development.

Very often, pregnant women at 24 weeks are prescribed a salt-free diet, which is aimed at preventing the development of edema. At this stage of pregnancy, the question of taking vitamins remains just as important. In addition to the natural vitamins contained in fresh vegetables, berries and fruits, if necessary, you should take a vitamin and mineral complex prescribed by your doctor (depending on the situation).

The consumption of sugar, flour and confectionery products is prohibited. To avoid the development of anemia in a pregnant woman, nutrition at the 24th week of pregnancy must be structured in such a way that the diet contains iron-containing foods: persimmon, pomegranate, cod liver, beef, buckwheat. Better absorption of iron is facilitated by products that contain ascorbic acid: seaweed, Bell pepper, cherry, currant.

Nutrition at 25 weeks of pregnancy

Many experts believe that the expectant mother, first of all, should eat little and often, taking into account all the nuances of a balanced, rational diet.

Nutrition at the 25th week of pregnancy should be comprehensive so that the body growing in the womb receives all the necessary nutrients. As before, a pregnant woman’s diet should include fruits, vegetables, fish and meat. You need to constantly monitor your weight in order to avoid problems associated with its excessive increase.

Food should be tasty, varied, healthy, rich in beneficial microelements. It is imperative to include dairy products and a variety of cereals in your diet, and if necessary, take vitamin complexes prescribed by your doctor. To avoid problems with swelling, you should take care of the rational intake of liquids.

It is recommended that a pregnant woman eat at home, avoiding fast foods and sticking to a meal schedule. If you have symptoms of anemia, you need to add more iron-containing foods to your diet, and if constipation occurs, you need to add foods containing fiber. Among liquids, preference should be given to natural juices, herbal teas, compotes, and still mineral water.

Nutrition at 26 weeks of pregnancy

In the second half of pregnancy, rapid growth of the fetus occurs, and certain difficulties arise that a pregnant woman faces as a result of an improper regimen and a sedentary lifestyle.

Nutrition at the 26th week of pregnancy, first of all, should remain complete and balanced, i.e. contain proteins, carbohydrates, fats, fiber, minerals and the entire complex of vitamins. The expectant mother should give preference to protein foods: lean meat, fish, milk and fermented milk products, eggs, legumes, and nuts. During this period, it may be necessary to take additional multivitamin preparations.

As for foods that are extremely undesirable to consume during the 26th week of pregnancy, coffee, black tea, cocoa, chocolate, sweets, as well as salted, smoked, and canned foods should be noted. The body of the expectant mother has absolutely no need for dyes, flavoring additives and preservatives, which are literally stuffed with various semi-finished products, chips, sausages, smoked meats and sweets. It is recommended to increase the intake of dried fruits, fresh vegetables, berries, fruits, and natural juices.

The diet for pregnant women at 26 weeks prescribes minimal consumption of sugar and salt, and preferably a complete rejection of these ingredients. You should drink fresh water within reasonable limits so that excessive fluid intake does not lead to swelling.

Some pregnant women experience attacks of nausea at the 26th week, which may be associated with pressure from the growing uterus on the diaphragm, poor diet, fatigue of the expectant mother, etc. If the reason is poor nutrition, you need to try to change your food intake - you should eat regularly, often, in small portions, without haste. One more important nuance is a calm environment and a comfortable position for the woman while eating.

Nutrition at 27 weeks of pregnancy

In the diet of an expectant mother, almost everything is important: the quality and quantity of products, the time of their consumption, the method of preparation - all these factors affect the well-being of the pregnant woman and the intrauterine development of the fetus.

Nutrition at the 27th week of pregnancy must necessarily comply with the most important principle - eating in fractional portions up to 7 times a day. During this period, it is important for the expectant mother to give up flour, sweets, fried, spicy, fatty foods, as well as stop or reduce to a minimum the consumption of salt, sugar and all kinds of spices.

At the 27th week, a pregnant woman should remember the importance of saturating the body with calcium. This is due to the intensive growth of the fetal skeleton at this stage of its development. Calcium is found in various fermented milk products - yogurt, fermented baked milk, sourdough, kefir. For breakfast, it is best to use foods rich in carbohydrates: porridge, muesli, rice, boiled legumes, in particular peas and beans. Lunch should consist of protein dishes that are quickly absorbed by the body and do not burden the digestive system. It is important not to overeat in the evening, before going to bed; if you are very hungry, you can eat low-fat yogurt or fruit. The expectant mother should monitor her fluid intake - there should not be too much of it. It is best to quench your thirst with ordinary clean water; freshly squeezed juices, fruit drinks, still mineral water and unsweetened compotes are also suitable for this purpose.

At the 27th week of pregnancy, nutrition should be as balanced as possible. It is important to consider that certain foods, as well as excessive food consumption, can cause heartburn. It is for this reason that experts recommend split meals for expectant mothers.

Nutrition at 28 weeks of pregnancy

Thus, a pregnant woman will get rid of many unpleasant symptoms that accompany her throughout pregnancy. You should structure your diet so that the small organism growing in the mother’s womb is supplied with the necessary vitamins, microelements and nutrients. A special diet created taking into account all the needs of the expectant mother and the development of the baby will help solve this issue.

Nutrition at the 28th week of pregnancy, first of all, should come from the needs of the growing fetus and be varied. It is important to take into account that during this period the activity of the fetus increases, so an overfilled stomach reduces the space in which the fetus is located - this causes discomfort in the mother. Based on this, a pregnant woman’s diet should still be balanced and fractional. It is necessary to find the “golden mean” of the amount of food consumed.

A pregnant woman's weight gain at 28 weeks accelerates significantly, so she needs to take care to eat only fresh, high-quality foods in small portions. It is advisable that the bulk of calories are consumed in the first half of the day. It is better to abstain from food after 7 pm, and if you have a strong feeling of hunger, you can refresh yourself with low-fat kefir, a glass of warm milk, apples or a light vegetable salad.

Nutritionists recommend enriching your diet at 28 weeks of pregnancy with foods containing complex carbohydrates. They take a long time to digest, cause a feeling of fullness and normalize digestive processes. Foods that contain complex carbohydrates in sufficient quantities include cereals, whole grain breads, whole grains, as well as brown rice and corn. The expectant mother needs to eat vegetables and fruits rich in fiber. They promote rapid satiety, activate intestinal motility and have a beneficial effect on digestive processes.

In the third trimester of pregnancy, you should limit your salt intake, which can cause fluid retention and, as a result, cause the development of edema. It is recommended to reduce the consumption of carbohydrate-containing foods: white rice, potatoes, a variety of confectionery products, chocolate and candies, as well as products made from refined flour. The fact is that quickly digestible carbohydrates contribute to a pregnant woman’s weight gain and can provoke surges in the level of glucose in her blood. This process threatens the development of diabetes, which often complicates the period of bearing a child and the process of childbirth.

Nutrition at 29 weeks of pregnancy

In the second half of pregnancy, fetal activity increases. It grows and develops, which, in turn, affects the feeling of some discomfort, which is most often associated with pressure on the diaphragm of a pregnant woman due to a significantly increased size of the uterus. For this reason, doctors recommend that expectant mothers perform special physical exercises, get more rest and, of course, adhere to the right regime - first of all, eat little and often.

Nutrition at 29 weeks of pregnancy must be strictly controlled. The weight gain of a pregnant woman per day should be no more than 50 g, respectively, the optimal rate of such gain per week is 350 g. At this stage, the expectant mother should control her fluid intake - its volume should not exceed 1.5 liters per day, taking into account other liquids (soups, compotes, etc.). With excessive fluid intake, the expectant mother may experience swelling. Salty foods and fatty foods should be excluded from the diet, and flour products and sweets should be consumed in minimal quantities.

It should be taken into account that at the 29th week of gestation, the properties of the placenta change: it loses its density and becomes more vulnerable, therefore, caffeine and alcoholic beverages should be excluded from the pregnant woman’s diet, and smoking should be completely stopped. The most important functions of the leading roles in the 29th week of pregnancy are performed by vitamins, on which the correct development and growth, as well as the activity of the baby, generally depend. Vitamin D and calcium are needed to build the baby’s bone tissue, iron and vitamin K are needed for the hematopoietic system, vitamin E will strengthen the walls of the uterus and prevent the threat of premature birth, vitamin C is necessary to strengthen blood vessels, and iron and folic acid are important for the development of brain cells and fetal cardiovascular system.

Nutrition at 30 weeks of pregnancy

During such an important and responsible period, the expectant mother should completely give up cigarettes and alcoholic beverages, sweets, fatty foods, salt and caffeine.

Nutrition at 30 weeks of pregnancy must be monitored. During this period, products that contain vitamins PP, B1, as well as fiber and iron will be of great benefit. First of all, it is black bread, bran, porridge, rice, milk and dairy products. If a woman does not like milk, it is necessary to replace it with alternative options: cheese, yogurt, pudding. A pregnant woman's daily diet should also include meat products, lean poultry, eggs, and boiled legumes. 150 grams of these products per day is the required amount of protein. In addition, it is important to consume fruits and vegetables enriched with vitamin C, vegetable oil, meat, seafood, and fish every day.

It is advisable to avoid confectionery and sweets, because... they provoke an increase in blood glucose. The category of prohibited foods during this period should also include fresh bread, grapes, legumes, cabbage, because These products contribute to gas formation. It is necessary to pay special attention to the quality of food. It is advisable that all food be thoroughly boiled or stewed; eating half-raw food should not be allowed. Particular caution should be taken when eating foods that can trigger the development of allergies: eggs, caviar, honey, chocolate, red and orange exotic fruits.

Nutrition at 31 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 31 weeks of pregnancy involves eating foods rich in iron, and, if necessary, additional iron-containing medications. This is due to an increase in blood volume in the body of a pregnant woman. The daily intake of iron is 27 mg. An important element for the proper development of the fetal skeleton is calcium, the daily norm of which should be 1,000 mg in the diet of the expectant mother. You should monitor the constant replenishment of the body with vitamin D, fatty acids, proteins (100 g per day), as well as other vitamins and microelements.

The amount of daily water consumption should be 1.5 liters, but only if the pregnant woman does not have problems with swelling. The expectant mother needs to constantly monitor weight gain, the maximum of which is 500 g per week if the woman is of normal weight and 300 g if the woman was overweight before pregnancy.

As before, sweets, flour, and fried foods should be excluded from the diet. The main emphasis should be on boiled and stewed vegetables, vegetarian soups, fresh fruits, and herbs. Fish and meat dishes are recommended to be consumed boiled. During this period, prunes, dried apricots, dried fruits, beets, and watermelon are useful.

Nutrition at 32 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 32 weeks of pregnancy needs to be more strictly controlled to avoid accumulation excess weight from the expectant mother. It is recommended to eat often, but little by little, and the food should be varied. Due to the fact that during this period there is active development of the fetus, it is necessary to introduce foods and dishes into the expectant mother’s diet, which should contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins D and C, as well as magnesium, zinc, iron and many others microelements.

It is imperative to take lactic acid products, since they are a source of animal protein: kefir, sour cream, cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt. For example, for breakfast, an expectant mother can eat a portion of cottage cheese, a sandwich with cheese, or milk porridge. It is necessary to take care of the variety of the menu, for example, prepare cheesecakes for breakfast or cottage cheese casserole with the addition of condensed milk or low-fat sour cream.

Meals at 32 weeks of pregnancy should be enriched with meat and fish dishes. For this purpose, low-fat fish, veal, turkey, chicken and rabbit are best suited. Dishes are recommended to be baked, stewed or boiled. It is advisable to combine meat and fish with fresh vegetables (both individually and in the form of salads).

Nutrition at 33 weeks of pregnancy

Considering the active intrauterine development of the fetus in the third trimester, it is necessary to take care of supplying the small body with exclusively useful substances.

Nutrition at 33 weeks of pregnancy must be based on the needs of the baby. At this stage, the development of the fetal brain occurs, so the expectant mother needs to eat foods that provide the baby with fatty acids, iron and calcium. These components are primarily found in eggs and dairy products, as well as broccoli, red fish, and nuts.

Nutritionists recommend adhering to a moderate diet - this important rule applies to absolutely all pregnant women, even those who do not experience any digestive problems. Protein nutrition is very important, as it fuels the body with energy and gives strength. You need to remember about porridge (oatmeal, buckwheat), dairy products, fresh vegetables, meat and fish (boiled or baked). At the 33rd week of pregnancy, steamed dishes are beneficial. As before, you should avoid fried and spicy foods, confectionery, baked goods, salty foods, and processed foods.

Nutrition at 34 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 34 weeks of pregnancy plays a significant role, since the mother’s body provides the baby with everything necessary for its final stage of intrauterine development. Sometimes mom may feel exhausted and exhausted. That is why it is important to add red meat, fatty fish, dark green vegetables, as well as seeds, nuts, and natural yogurt to your regular diet. Try to eat foods that are as rich in vitamins and microelements as possible, as well as higher in calories. This is explained by a significant increase in the size of the fetus at the 34th week, and, accordingly, the need of its body for additional nutrients.

A balanced diet will help avoid the development of obesity; it is recommended to eat often and in small portions so as not to overeat. It is worth giving up the so-called “hidden fats” that are contained in pastries, sweets, and pies. When consuming such foods, sugar immediately turns into fat. An alternative to this diet would be fresh fruits, raisins, nuts, dried fruits, and boiled cereals.

Nutrition at 35 weeks of pregnancy

Every week, various processes occur in the intrauterine formation of the fetus, which is why it is so important to take into account nutritional rules so that the body of the unborn child receives all the necessary nutrients and vitamins for its growth.

Nutrition at 35 weeks of pregnancy consists of the expectant mother consuming exclusively natural products that provide maximum benefit to the body. During this period, if necessary, the doctor may prescribe an additional complex of vitamins to the pregnant woman. As before, a pregnant woman’s diet should consist of healthy, properly prepared food that does not contain harmful additives. Among the main products that should be included in the daily menu are wholemeal bread, vegetables (raw and stewed), fresh fruits, dairy products (a source of calcium), cereals, and fish dishes.

It is important not to overeat; eating at night is especially harmful. If you have a strong desire to eat some of the “forbidden” foods (cakes or sweets), it is recommended to choose some alternative options: dried fruits, dried apricots, raisins, nuts. Everything should be in moderation - this is important for every woman carrying a child to remember.

Nutrition at 36 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at the 36th week of pregnancy is very important to build correctly, taking into account the physiological changes in the mother’s body, because in the last weeks it is rapidly preparing for childbirth, the pelvic bones expand, the uterus gradually descends and puts even more pressure on the intestines. At this time, nutritionists recommend excluding animal protein (milk, fish, meat and butter). Only fermented milk products, plant foods, baked vegetables, water porridge, fresh juices and herbal teas will benefit the mother and her child. As before, food intake comes down to frequent consumption of small portions 5-6 times a day; it is advisable not to eat after 7 pm.

The diet at the 36th week should be made taking into account the reduction in energy consumption due to a significant decrease in the physical activity of a pregnant woman. Food should be less high in calories, but in terms of the composition of nutrients and vitamins it should be complete and healthy. Fruits and vegetables are as relevant as before; you can prepare vegetable purees, jelly, drink freshly squeezed juices and still mineral water.

Nutrition at 37 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 37 weeks of pregnancy should still be fortified and nutritious, multifaceted, but you should adhere to some rules: first of all, eat little, but often, in small portions, avoiding overeating. It is not recommended to consume sugar and salt, as well as products containing them: pickles, marinades, sweets, etc. Fatty foods are not the best choice For a pregnant woman, dishes are best steamed or baked. The diet, as before, should contain dairy products, as they are a source of calcium.

Products made from cereals and various grain crops are also a healthy option for the expectant mother. In particular, these are whole grain porridges and baked goods. At the 37th week of pregnancy, it is useful to eat meat, cereals, fish, potatoes, cheese, and various vegetables. Of the microelements during this period, fluorine, iron, calcium are especially important, and of vitamins - vitamin C.

In preparation for childbirth, a pregnant woman's body should receive the maximum of nutrients. Therefore, harmful products containing preservatives, food additives, dyes and other ingredients that can harm health are contraindicated for the expectant mother.

Nutrition at 38 weeks of pregnancy

Nutrition at 38 weeks of pregnancy should include the most nutritious and balanced foods, since it is necessary for the woman’s body to properly prepare for the responsible, complex process of childbirth. The daily diet should include the most healthy foods: lean meat, cottage cheese, eggs, vegetables and fruits (in any form - raw, boiled, baked).

At the 38th week, a pregnant woman’s body will benefit from complex carbohydrates, because... they are the best sources of energy. Products containing complex carbohydrates are products made from wholemeal flour and all kinds of cereals. It is also necessary to increase the consumption of protein foods, in particular chicken and beef, as well as fish.

You should, as in previous weeks of pregnancy, continue to consume dairy products, since they are a source of calcium, which is extremely important in the formation of the child’s skeleton. Among the products whose consumption should be limited to the maximum, we should note fatty foods, sweets, salt and pure sugar. If the expectant mother has gained more than 13 kg of weight, it is necessary to arrange fasting days. During such days, you should eat at least 6 times, eating light foods (low-fat kefir, cottage cheese, apples, water porridge, boiled vegetables). If necessary, at the 38th week, the doctor may prescribe additional vitamin complexes to the expectant mother.

Nutrition at 39 weeks of pregnancy

In recent weeks, the expectant mother’s body is preparing for the upcoming birth, and therefore requires more nutrients and vitamins to replenish energy.

Nutrition at the 39th week of pregnancy should be varied and include protein foods, which are “building materials” for the full development of a small organism. It will not be superfluous to consume carbohydrates - a source of energy. For this purpose, instead of sweets and pasta, it is better to take vegetables, berries and fruits, which, in addition to containing natural carbohydrates, are rich in plant fiber. The diet of a pregnant woman at 39 weeks should include foods such as meat and fish (low-fat varieties - 100 g per day), eggs, and milk. It is necessary to take care of taking foods containing vitamin E, which has a beneficial effect on the formation of the fetus. These are legumes and nuts, liver, all kinds of cereals.

To strengthen the immune system before childbirth, the expectant mother needs vitamin C. Green onions, rose hips, currants and sea buckthorn are considered immune-strengthening foods.

Nutrition at 40 weeks of pregnancy

The expectant mother should receive as many nutrients as possible, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, which will give strength to the body, strengthen it and help cope with the upcoming birth.

Meals at 40 weeks of pregnancy should consist of foods containing carbohydrates in large quantities. These are, first of all, products such as cereals, vegetables, fruits and berries. Among the vitamins that are especially important at this stage of pregnancy are A, B, C and K. Significant amounts of them are found in green leafy vegetables and dairy products. As before, a pregnant woman is recommended to eat meat, fish and other natural products that contain calcium, proteins, and iron.

At 40 weeks, labor can begin at any time. Therefore, it is important not to overload the stomach with food, since overeating can have a negative impact on the woman's condition if she needs anesthesia during childbirth. When contractions begin and in case of severe hunger, you can eat easily digestible foods such as jelly, chocolate, toast with jam, as well as clear liquids (mineral water, weak green tea, compote).

During the first trimester, women do not yet feel significant changes in their bodies. The only pronounced sign of early pregnancy is toxicosis, but this does not appear in all expectant mothers. Many of them in the early stages of bearing a baby are in no hurry to change their usual lifestyle.

However, this period is the most important for the unborn baby. From 1 to 12 weeks, the process of laying his future organs takes place, so it is necessary to provide the baby with the necessary nutrients. What should a woman’s diet be like in the early stages? What foods should not be included in the diet?

Nutrition of a pregnant woman in the early stages

Food during pregnancy is the main factor ensuring the harmonious development of the baby. The diet of the expectant mother should be balanced. It should definitely include foods with a high content of nutrients.

To prevent negative impact toxic components, you must stop eating junk food that is saturated with carcinogens, chemical dyes, and food additives.

In order to correctly create a daily menu, a pregnant woman should be well aware of the list of the most important products recommended for consumption. Their list may differ in the 1st, 2nd and third trimesters, since the needs of the embryo change during the development process.

It is necessary to take into account that during pregnancy you need to exclude only dangerous products that are strictly contraindicated when carrying a child. You should not give up your favorite food if it does not harm the child. Medical studies have shown that completely eliminating certain foods from the diet can adversely affect the baby's health in the future. After birth, such children develop intolerance to these foods, and the risk of developing food allergies also increases.

The menu for pregnant women should not be oversaturated with calories, since rapid weight gain will not only entail the purchase of larger clothes, but will also cause additional difficulties during childbirth. It is more important that the food contains the maximum amount of vital components that provide favorable conditions for the formation of the fetus.

Basic nutrition rules

While waiting for the baby, the expectant mother must take care of maintaining the balance of nutrients entering her body with food. The menu should include dishes containing microelements and vitamins.

Protein products should deliver about 15% of calories to the expectant mother's body. Another 30% of calories come from high-fat foods. Most of the calories come from carbohydrate foods. To do this, a woman needs to eat cereals, pasta, and fruits.

Proper nutrition from the first days of pregnancy will prevent the development of unpleasant symptoms of toxicosis. Basic rules for organizing a pregnant woman’s diet:

• eat small portions every 2-3 hours;
• drink at least 1.5 liters of water daily;
• The first breakfast in the form of crackers or kefir can be eaten without getting out of bed (to prevent morning sickness).

Essential vitamins and microelements

For the full and harmonious development of the embryo, a woman should include in her daily diet foods rich in essential vitamins and microelements, and protein compounds. The most significant substances for the formation and growth of a child, their role, as well as the daily intake for pregnant women are described in detail in the table.

The most useful products needed during this period

Every woman who is preparing to become a mother knows about the existence of useful and harmful substances contained in food. However, some products have a higher content of essential elements for the baby.

In the first trimester it is possible and healthy to eat:

• lean beef cooked in a double boiler or oven;
• poultry dishes;
• fresh vegetables and fruits growing in the region where the pregnant woman lives;
• dried fruits;
• greens, dried or fresh;
• fermented milk foods with a reduced fat content;
• fiber, which is found in flaxseeds, legumes, almonds, sesame seeds, rose hips and apricots.

In addition, there are a number of products that deserve special attention from expectant mothers. Experts strongly recommend eating during pregnancy:

• Spinach. It is a source of folic acid, which is involved in the formation of the neural tube and protects the baby from infections.
• Lentils. This representative of legumes is the main source of protein. Thanks to the consumption of lentils, the organs and tissues of the embryo grow correctly.
• Citrus fruit. This category of foods is rich in vitamin C and folic acid. Tangerines improve intestinal function as they contain fiber.
• Walnuts. They contain a lot of protein, fatty acids, antioxidants and mineral components.
• Eggs. The main source of vitamin D and calcium, which is responsible for the normal development of bone tissue.
• Broccoli. This type of cabbage is rich in potassium, calcium and iron, so it is an indispensable product in the diet of a woman expecting a baby. Broccoli contains dietary fiber and protein compounds and can be used to make soups or stews.
• Yogurt. Calcium and vitamin D contained in yogurt prevent the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in the baby.
• Chicken's meat. Improves the process of hematopoiesis, oxygen exchange, prevents premature birth.
• Salmon. Salmon fish contain Omega-3 acids, calcium, and vitamin D.
• Asparagus. This vegetable is rich in vitamins C, B6, D and folic acid, and increases the protective functions of the developing body.

What foods should you not eat in the early stages?

Consequences of poor nutrition

Improper organization of the daily diet during pregnancy can cause serious disturbances in the process of fetal formation. The inclusion of products, the use of which is prohibited while carrying babies, can lead to irreversible consequences, provoke spontaneous abortion or the formation of intrauterine developmental pathologies in the embryo. Alcohol is especially dangerous. If it is used in the early stages of pregnancy, physical abnormalities and improper formation of the neural tube of the embryo may occur.

Chicken eggs are also dangerous and should not be eaten raw. This is one of the main sources of such bacterial diseases as salmonellosis. Salmonella not only affects the mother's body, they can also cause serious harm to the unborn child.

The presence of large amounts of sugar and food containing dyes in the diet can cause diathesis and liver disease in a newborn. All dishes prepared by smoking are saturated with carcinogenic substances, and therefore can cause the development of malignant neoplasms in children.

Previously, we didn’t think about what pregnant women can and cannot do,

our grandmothers adhered to one rule - you need to eat for two... For all 9 months, the woman and the child are one whole. It has long been proven that the health of her child and even his life expectancy depend on the nutrition and health of the mother, so you need to approach the selection of diet responsibly. However, modern doctors refute this version, arguing that a pregnant woman should eat not 2 times more, but 2 times better.

Nutrition for a pregnant woman is a very serious issue. It also concerns the amount of food. If you eat too much, rapid weight gain and a large fruit are guaranteed. If you eat little, the baby will be low-weight and will not have enough nutrients. Added to this is toxicosis, which prevents a woman from eating normally.

Eating carbohydrates in large quantities cannot be considered beneficial. The weight is growing, but the child still does not have enough nutrients.

The main reason why pregnant women should not overeat is too rapid weight gain.

Fresh and stewed vegetables. Vegetables, as you know, are always useful for everyone. They can be eaten fresh or stewed. Especially during pregnancy, it is recommended to eat fresh carrots, cucumbers, spinach, broccoli, and pumpkin. They are beneficial for both mother and child, helping to avoid constipation and strengthen the immune system.

Whole grains. Cereals contain fiber and a huge amount of vitamins. A pregnant woman needs to eat oatmeal, buckwheat, and natural muesli every day.

Eggs. Eggs contain many vitamins and protein; they should be eaten boiled, no more than 2 pieces per day. Be sure to cook hard-boiled to avoid contamination with pathogenic bacteria.

Dairy products. Natural yoghurts without dyes, fermented baked milk, kefir, yogurt improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, normalize digestion and strengthen the immune system. But it is necessary to monitor the expiration date and composition of the product. An abundance of dyes and flavors will not be beneficial.

Meat and fish. Of course, meat contains valuable protein, so eating it is simply necessary. Dietary lean meats, such as beef, chicken, turkey, and rabbit, are considered the most beneficial. Sea fish is also healthy; it contains valuable phosphorus and fatty acids. You should avoid eating fatty, fried meat, barbecue, smoked and salted fish.

Beans. Beans, lentils, peas contain a large amount of vitamins. They help gain “useful” weight and help normalize intestinal function, which is also important during pregnancy. However, you need to remember that these products increase gas formation.

A balanced diet includes proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. The more varied the diet, the more different nutrients enter the woman’s body.

What foods should you avoid?

Sometimes during pregnancy a woman wants something tasty, but she doubts whether it will be dangerous for the fetus. Doctors believe that everything is possible in small quantities, but it is necessary to monitor your diet.

If we talk about what pregnant women should not eat, then it is necessary to clarify that all cases are individual. Sometimes the reaction to a particular product is unpredictable.

It is not always necessary to completely exclude these foods from the diet, but you will have to significantly limit their consumption. Non-recommended foods include:

Hot spices. Spicy food provokes the development of gastritis, irritates the intestinal and stomach mucosa, and can also cause uterine tone. Acute is recommended for pregnant women only just before childbirth in order to stimulate contractions.

Cabbage. Cabbage is healthy and contains many vitamins, but during pregnancy it is better to reduce the amount of this healthy vegetable. The fact is that cabbage causes severe gas formation, which can lead to bloating and even uterine tone. This is accompanied by painful sensations.

Smoked meats. Smoked products increase the load on the stomach and pancreas and are poorly absorbed. Smoked fish loses most of its nutrients, so such products are not needed in the diet.

Coffee. Coffee during pregnancy increases blood pressure and also increases the risk of miscarriage. If a doctor allows a woman a cup of coffee, it is rarely a weak one.

Alcohol. There is not a single doctor who would not claim that alcohol is harmful to the baby and the expectant mother. The reasons why pregnant women should not drink alcohol are obvious. Alcoholic drinks increase the load on the liver and kidneys, which during pregnancy already work with double force, and also have a toxic effect on the fetus even in small quantities.

Sweets. There is no need to give up sweets at all, but it is necessary to reduce the consumption of chocolate, biscuits, creams, replacing them with candied fruits, marshmallows, dried fruits, and natural jam.

When purchasing products, a woman should pay attention to the expiration date and composition. If the composition contains a lot of E-additives, various flavor enhancers, it is advisable to refuse such food. It is important for the expectant mother to feel good, as her condition also affects the child. Poor nutrition will quickly make itself felt with poor health and impaired digestion.

Useful but dangerous products

There are a number of foods that are generally beneficial for the body, both during and without pregnancy, but may cause unexpected reactions. A woman does not always realize that they need to be treated with caution.

The first thing to remember is that there is always a risk of allergies. Even if a woman has never experienced an allergic reaction before pregnancy, the likelihood of it occurring during pregnancy increases several times. This is due to the fact that the immune system begins to work differently.

The list of similar products includes:

Seafood. Seafood rich in phosphorus and vitamins, however, can lead to infection with viruses and bacteria. Smoked fish, oysters, mussels, and sushi are especially dangerous. Any seafood must be carefully selected and prepared.

Honey. It would seem why pregnant women should not eat honey. It contains a huge amount of vitamins, and is indispensable for colds. The thing is that honey is a very strong allergen. It is difficult to predict which type of honey and what reaction will occur. If you really want honey, then you need to try just a little and see how your body reacts. A rash, nausea, and a burning sensation in the stomach indicate that you will have to forget about honey during pregnancy.

Sausage. Sausages themselves have not been considered healthy for a long time, but during pregnancy it is especially recommended to avoid eating smoked and uncooked smoked sausage. This is not only harmful to the pancreas and stomach, but also dangerous due to food poisoning. During pregnancy, poisoning is more severe and can harm the baby.

Dairy products. Milk is undoubtedly healthy; it contains a lot of calcium. But products containing unpasteurized milk are dangerous because they can lead to bacterial contamination. The list of such products includes mozzarella, unboiled milk, and natural cottage cheese.

Herb tea. Herbs soothe, strengthen the nervous system, and normalize blood pressure. But not all herbs are allowed during pregnancy. Some of them can cause allergies, others can cause miscarriage. Before use herbal tea you need to make sure it is safe.

Doctors try to give patients reminders about what to eat and what to avoid. If a woman has a question, she can ask her doctor. If signs of poisoning or allergies appear, you must call an ambulance.

Signs of poor nutrition

A woman's body becomes especially sensitive during pregnancy. He himself reports that the pregnant woman is doing something wrong. For example, not all women know why pregnant women should not sleep on their backs. This is due to the fact that the load on the lower back increases greatly, and the blood vessels of the placenta are compressed in this position. This will be reported by both the aching back and the child himself, who at long periods of time begins to kick and wake up the mother so that she turns over.

If a woman does not eat properly while pregnant, she will have the following symptoms:

Insufficient weight gain or loss. If a woman gains little weight, then most of the nutrients are taken by the fetus. However, all reserves are exhaustible. Physical exhaustion during pregnancy is dangerous and can lead to miscarriage.

Poor condition of teeth, nails, hair. During pregnancy, hair may fall out and split, nails may peel, and teeth may decay. This condition indicates a lack of calcium and phosphorus in the body and is corrected through nutrition.

Constant heartburn. When the uterus begins to put pressure on the stomach, heartburn appears, and it is considered normal during pregnancy. But constant and severe heartburn indicates pathology. Perhaps there is too much sweet, salty, spicy, fried food in a woman’s diet.

Constipation or diarrhea. Stool also depends on hormones, but with the help of nutrition you can always correct the situation. A woman should monitor regular bowel movements, as it can put pressure on the uterus, causing tone.

Nausea and vomiting. The appearance of nausea can be caused by toxicosis, but even in this case, women noted that nausea occurs after eating certain foods.

Gaining weight too quickly. Gaining weight quickly is also not beneficial. He talks about the abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, as well as edema. In this case, the doctor will say that pregnant women should not eat it to avoid problems. For example, he will recommend reducing the consumption of salt, which retains fluid.

The deterioration of the mother's condition immediately affects the child. If you have problems with nutrition, you should consult a doctor and get advice. The doctor will advise you on how to change your diet, what to remove or add. Also, a woman can monitor her own well-being. If you feel sick after eating a product, then it needs to be eliminated.

Dangers of poor nutrition during pregnancy

Don't take your diet lightly during pregnancy. It affects not only the weight of the woman and child, but also the development of the fetus and the formation of internal organs.

If a pregnant woman does not monitor her diet and does not listen to the doctor’s recommendations, this can lead to a number of complications:

Preeclampsia. This dangerous condition occurs when later pregnancy and is accompanied by a sharp increase in blood pressure. The reasons for it are difficult to determine, but the provoking factors include poor nutrition, which affects the functioning of internal organs.

Anemia. If a woman lacks vitamins, minerals, and proteins, she begins to develop hemoglobin deficiency. Since this protein carries oxygen, the fetus begins to become oxygen starved, which negatively affects its development.

Weak labor. If a woman is exhausted, she does not have enough strength for a full birth. The birth itself can be protracted and efforts weak. This is also fraught with fetal hypoxia.

Miscarriage. Also, one of the dangerous and irreparable consequences of exhaustion and poor nutrition is miscarriage or premature birth. The body simply cannot bear a child, the placenta does not develop normally, which leads to termination of pregnancy.

Premature placental abruption. If the placenta separates from the uterus before birth, this leads to impaired nutrition and circulation of the fetus. The probability of the child's death in this case is 50%. There is also a high probability of bleeding and complications for the mother.

Intrauterine growth retardation. If a child does not have enough nutrients and vitamins, developmental delays will occur. This applies not only to physical parameters (weight, height, body size), but also to mental development.

Bleeding. Nutrition also affects blood clotting. During the postpartum period, this can lead to heavy bleeding.

To avoid all these unpleasant consequences, a woman needs to monitor her diet and promptly consult a doctor if alarming symptoms occur.

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A woman in this position changes her culinary preferences, lifestyle, and attitude towards others. The expectant mother consciously tries to limit herself from anything that could harm her baby. This applies to diet, actions, bad habits. Knowing what pregnant women should not do in the early stages is necessary not only for new parents, but also for loved ones who also want to ensure a favorable pregnancy.

What not to do during pregnancy

There are many myths and facts about this period of a woman’s life: some believe that she cannot cut her hair, paint her nails, move actively, etc. We need to look into this more carefully. Due to changes in hormonal levels, it is better to refrain from curling and dyeing your hair, as a result of which their condition may worsen. If you belong to the category of women who dye their hair constantly, opt for gentle options. The expectant mother is also prohibited from wearing synthetic underwear. During pregnancy you cannot:

• take baths (hot);
• visit the sauna and solarium;
• take medications without consulting a doctor;
• get vaccinated against rubella, tuberculosis, mumps;
• perform x-rays or fluorography;
• clean cat litter(the cat is a carrier of a disease such as toxoplasmosis).

What pregnant women should not eat

During pregnancy, a conscious woman reviews her diet with special care; some even hang a list of prohibited foods in the kitchen. During this period, food addictions or aversions to certain foods are formed. It may turn out that you are not craving healthy food, but rather want to eat what you shouldn’t, so it is important to study the list of foods that are dangerous to the health of the developing body.

In the early stages

The development and health of the baby depends on how the first trimester of pregnancy goes, so the expectant mother must carefully approach the issue of her nutrition. It is advisable to give preference only to natural products prepared in compliance with all sanitary standards. At this time, no significant changes are observed in the woman’s condition, but the following products still need to be limited or eliminated:

• Sweets and baked goods. They contribute to rapid weight gain, so in the early stages it is important to adjust your diet so that at the end of pregnancy you feel good and do not suffer from edema. This category includes all kinds of confectionery products and refined sugar, which do not contain vitamins, but are full of carbohydrates.
• Products that can cause allergies, which can result in abnormal development of the child or even miscarriage. These include red vegetables, fruits, citrus fruits, and honey.
• Beans, beans, and peas can cause increased gas formation, which will result in increased tone.
• Chocolate, being a powerful stimulant, has a detrimental effect on the mental and nervous system of a little person. Moderation is important here, a couple of pieces will not harm anyone, so you are allowed to allow yourself such a treat once a week.

What pregnant women should absolutely not eat

The diet of the expectant mother should not harm the developing body. Some foods can be limited during this important period of life; eating them once will not lead to negative consequences. However, there are products that need to be blacklisted during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Pregnant women should not eat:

What's better not to drink?

If a cup of morning coffee has become a daily ritual for you, you should give up this pleasure for the sake of the health of your unborn child. This drink has an adverse effect: it increases blood pressure, provokes the threat of miscarriage, causes insomnia, and removes vitamins and microelements from the body. You should also remove caffeine-containing products from your menu; you should not drink energy drinks or cola.

Black tea lovers are allowed to occasionally drink this drink, which should not be strong. The reason for this is the same caffeine, which, penetrating the placenta, can harm the baby. Carbonated water should be avoided due to the content of chemicals and dyes.

Any drinks containing alcohol put a strain on the kidneys, which already work intensively during pregnancy. Even if you decide to treat yourself to a glass of beer, this can negatively affect the intellectual abilities and development of the baby's future, especially in the first trimester. Therefore, drinking alcohol is prohibited. It is also better not to drink kvass at this time. These tips for pregnant women in the early stages will help you avoid many unpleasant moments.

What not to do for pregnant women

During this special period of life, new habits, rules appear and the perception of the world around us changes. Sometimes a woman believes that she can change the world, and sometimes she doesn’t even have the strength to brush her teeth. It is important to treat this leniently and follow a set of measures that will ensure your safety. According to these rules, it is prohibited:

• Carry out general cleaning with supplies household chemicals. As a last resort, you need to protect yourself as much as possible by wearing gloves and ventilating the room.
• Sit in a motionless position at the computer or your favorite work. Doing embroidery or other creative process, do not forget to do active physical exercise for 15 minutes.
• Walk in high heels (more than 4 cm). If you don't want to develop varicose veins or flat feet, you shouldn't do this.
• Sit with your legs crossed. In this position, the veins located in the popliteal fossa are pinched and blood circulation in the pelvic organs slows down. The result may be fetal hypoxia.
• Smoking. This leads to poor blood supply to the placenta due to its vasoconstrictive effect. There is a possibility that the baby will be born prematurely or with low birth weight.
• Forget about parties and discos. The smell of cigarette smoke, alcohol and loud music do not contribute to the beneficial course of pregnancy.
• Hold off on extreme sports. Adrenaline negatively affects the baby’s mental activity, so you should avoid stress, anxiety and be less nervous. The expectant mother should provide herself with a calm and positive environment.

In the early stages

It is not recommended to sleep on your stomach in the first trimester. This position puts pressure on the uterus, which can damage the embryo. You can be in this position on rare occasions, but never make it a habit. However, when the tummy has already noticeably increased, it is advisable to listen to the recommendations of doctors and avoid resting on the back. Blood circulation may be impaired due to the fact that the growing belly will put pressure on the deep veins.

In the first trimester, a girl's hormonal levels change, which results in mood changes and emotional outbursts. During this period, for some, intimate relationships are a necessity, while for others they are undesirable. According to doctors, a pregnant woman is allowed to have sex; moreover, it also has a positive result, as endorphins are produced. A nice bonus is training the pelvic muscles.

However, there are also contraindications in cases where the tone of the uterus is increased, there is a risk of miscarriage, or the partner has an infection. It is better to refuse intimate relationships to avoid miscarriage. In other cases, the expectant mother is allowed to have sex throughout the entire pregnancy, the main thing is to avoid deep penetration, pressure on the abdomen and too long intercourse.

What movements should you not do during pregnancy?

While expecting a baby, a woman should avoid work that involves lifting heavy objects (more than 3 kg). The permissible weight, in exceptional cases, is 5 kg. It is also contraindicated for pregnant women in the early stages to rearrange the furniture in the apartment or make sudden and impetuous movements. This can lead to premature birth. You cannot do repairs or hard physical work. Entrust painting of walls, beating carpets, washing windows to someone else or postpone it for a certain time.

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