When does the heating season end in a year? How does the heating process work in apartments?

Heating has begun to be turned on at urban facilities in the capital. This was reported by the City News Agency “ Moscow " with reference to the Deputy Mayor for Housing and Public Utilities and Improvement, Pyotr Biryukov.

As a rule, residential buildings begin to be heated when the average daily air temperature is +8 degrees or lower for five days. Hospitals, clinics, schools and kindergartens and residential buildings are the first to receive heat, after which the batteries are turned on in administrative buildings.

On September 19, on behalf of the Mayor of Moscow Sergei Sobyanin, a decree was signed to begin heating. The relevant work will be carried out in stages, and within five days the connection of all consumers will be completed.

Utilities of the city of Moscow have started supplying heat to city facilities. “I signed the corresponding order in this regard on behalf of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin”, - said “ RG” deputy mayor of the capital for housing and communal services and improvement issues Petr Biryukov.

“The work to supply heat to city facilities will be carried out in stages,” he explained. “The connection of all consumers will be completed within five days. First of all, as usual, we supply heat to the social sector - kindergartens, schools, clinics and hospitals.”. According to Pyotr Biryukov, by the end of the week the heat will reach all city facilities.

Let us remind you that, according to the existing rules, the start-up of heat in the capital begins when the average daily air temperature remains no higher than plus 8 degrees for five days. This is exactly the situation in the capital now. Moreover, weather forecasters do not promise warming in the near future. Therefore, city authorities decided to supply heat to the batteries much earlier than a year ago. Last year, the heating season in Moscow began on October 4.

When a warm and calm summer gives way to a cold and rainy autumn, the temperature drops not only outside, but also in the apartment. The walls of the houses are getting colder every day comfortable accommodation gives way to an uncomfortable chilly atmosphere and people try to warm themselves up by any available means.

Along with cold weather, the risk of developing various colds and viral diseases increases, especially among children. But everything changes when the batteries are turned on. The air in the room gradually warms up, creating a cozy and warm environment in apartments and houses.

IN Lately, Russians are trying to install autonomous heating so as not to depend on the schedule for turning on batteries throughout the country. Those citizens who have not yet decided to switch to this method of heating are already interested in the question of when will it begin? heating season 2018 in Russia and what to expect from him. Let's understand this topic together.

What is the heating season?

According to the decree of Russian officials, heating measures begin every year around the country with the arrival of cold weather - a calendar period of time during which heat is supplied to residential buildings and administrative buildings through the operation of heating installations. These days, hot water is supplied to the radiators around the clock, which allows you to achieve the optimal air temperature for living, namely 18 °C at ordinary apartments and +20 °C in corners.

In those regions where serious drops in air temperature occur (down to -31°C and lower in the Northern regions), the air in residential premises should warm up to at least 20 degrees above zero, and in corner apartments - up to 22 degrees above zero.

It is worth considering that it is allowed to exceed these indicators by 4 degrees at any time, and the decrease in temperature at night should not exceed 3 divisions on the thermometer.

How are you preparing for the 2018 heating season?

Preparations for future heating events, as usual, begin immediately after the previous season ends. Local and regional authorities are entirely responsible for the timely initiation of these actions.

Immediately after the spring shutdown of radiators occurs, it is necessary to draw up a plan of preparatory work, where to note the period of repair and preventative measures, pay off debts for the supply of heat, and prepare energy resources in case of unforeseen situations. If all these points are completed on time, then uninterrupted heat supply to apartments and other buildings is guaranteed.

When does the heating season start in 2018?

Today it is difficult to name the exact date for turning on the heating, because it is “floating”. This means that every year the heating season begins not only in different days, but even in different months.

Boiler stations to generate heat for heating are started on the sixth day after the outside temperature drops below +8 degrees Celsius. From the moment the heating is turned on, it is supplied until warm, fine weather with a temperature above 8 degrees Celsius sets in, for at least 5 or more days.

These norms are spelled out in a special legislative act, which is valid throughout the entire territory of Russia and must be observed unquestioningly.

First of all to central heating connect kindergartens, schools, hospitals and other facilities social sphere. After them, the heat is supplied to departmental buildings and industrial government facilities. And last of all, heating is turned on in residential buildings.

Heating by regions of Russia

The Russian Federation is a huge power, on whose territory there is diversity climatic conditions. In this regard, in different regions Each country has a slightly different start date for the heating season. The European part of the country is the first to connect to heat - Nenets autonomous region already from September 1 begins to feel hot water in batteries. A little later, the Arkhangelsk, Kazan, Omsk and Murmansk regions are connected.

Around October, boiler houses are launched in the southern parts of the Far East and in the central regions of Russia. In Moscow and the Moscow region, warmth comes to apartments in early October, and in St. Petersburg, heated events begin to be held in mid-September. The latest to feel the gradual heating of radiators are Sochi. Here the heating season lasts only three months - from early December to mid-March.

Speaking about the northern and eastern-northern regions of Russia, heating in cities begins already in August, because the required average daily temperature here is established just at the end of summer. So in Yakutia, batteries begin to be heated already in the middle of summer, and in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug- from August 20.

But there are cities in Russia that cannot do without heating at all. Even in summer, the air temperature in these regions does not exceed +4 degrees, so the authorities do not turn off boiler systems all year round. Thus, residents of the coldest cities in the country can feel the cherished life-giving warmth in their apartments every day and not pay attention to the severe frosts outside the window.

IN winter time heating season is considered the most important issue, especially in the 2016-2017 season. True, great importance should be given to preparation for this time if it takes place in the spring and summer. The heat regime and its level in houses, apartments and businesses directly depends on the work that will be given to the entire system. As for direct preparations for the upcoming 2017 season, work on setting up important components is already in full swing and is controlled by the Department of Fuel and Energy.

What are the stages of preparatory work?

As already noted, the heating season is a very important process in preparation for the cold season. Its implementation must be approached in full “combat readiness”, for which a special program for all further specific actions is developed in advance. All of them must be 100% completed.

1. A special commission is created in executive authorities or industry enterprises. She is given one task - to control the preparation of all objects, regarding the timing and volume of the announced work.

2. A schedule for subsequent repair work, as well as a trial preliminary launch of the system. This step is considered a test step before the main start in order to assess the smoothness of all nodes.

3. An estimate of future construction work, which includes objects in need of partial or complete repair, as well as an accurate calculation of the cost of all this work.

When should you expect the heating to turn on in the 2016-2017 season?

If we talk specifically about when the heating will be turned on in 2017, there are also preliminary dates that may shift or be postponed depending on the behavior of weather conditions. Absolutely all the features relating to this issue can be found in the law. At the same time, cities and regions have every right to independently decide on the exact time to turn on the heating season. But still, there are also clearly defined norms here, which in any case must be fulfilled.

1. March 10. It is on this day that work should begin to carry out all necessary tests heat exchangers located in central heating points.

2. May 12. On this day, testing of distribution and main heating stations usually starts.

3. May 25. By this time, all work must be completed preparatory work, breakdowns and serious problems were found and eliminated so that no unforeseen situations would arise during the winter period.

4. September 15. According to all the deadlines according to the regulations, this day is considered the time to start heating. If we talk about individual municipal institutions and residential buildings, the deadline may move up to 2 weeks earlier. Simply put, according to the current law, the 2016-2017 heating season schedule should begin on September 1 and continue until April 1.

Individual regions and cities

Probably no one will argue with the statement that for everyone separate region there is a picture
preparation, launch and conduct of the heating season. This whole process is also characterized by a number of features and rules. To do this, it is worth examining several regions in more detail as an example in order to understand the whole principle of the heating process.

1. Kirov. As of today heating system in this region it is 80% ready. If we talk about the exact timing of the start of the heating season, we should take into account the weather factor. If the air temperature remains at +8 degrees for 5 days, it’s time to turn on the heat. Typically, educational institutions are connected to the system on September 1, after which all other buildings are connected a few weeks later.

2. Nizhny Novgorod. Before the start of the heating season, the regional government sets itself a considerable task: to stock up on 280 cubic meters of firewood and the same number of tons of coal. Most of this material will be used for heating educational institutions and sports complexes. As elsewhere, the 2016-2017 heating season will begin on September 1. And so that all preparation for this process would be more efficient, it was decided from the very first summer day Conduct ongoing work meetings regarding daily monitoring of the situation.

3. St. Petersburg and Moscow. Both Russian capitals begin the heating season at the moment when the temperature outside freezes at around 8 degrees. Even if the thermometer stays at +9 all this time, this level of cold will be insufficient to make a decision regarding the start of heat. As in all other cities, the 2017 heating season will initially start in social enterprises: kindergartens, hospitals, schools and medical institutions.

4. Udmurtia. In the marked region exact time The supply of heat directly depends on the mood of the weather. Judging by the preliminary preparatory work, more than 13 municipal heat supply facilities must be designed and built before the start of heat supply in the 2016-2017 season. According to local officials, this will significantly relieve the entire system and improve the quality of its work.

The beginning of the heating season is one of the most discussed problems, not only in relation to 2017. The whole problem lies in the organization of all points of the thermal system, on which the integrity of the heat transfer mechanism depends. And it’s better to check everything 100 times before the actual launch than to dig trenches later in search of a breakthrough. And for this, first of all, you need to think about people, so that they feel warm and comfortable during the cold weather.