Types of connections of wooden structures. Wooden fasteners: main structural elements and methods of their installation (85 photos) Types of brackets for fastening wooden structures

To use joinery and carpentry joints in construction, not only special tools are required, but also considerable experience.

Therefore, non-professionals often make such connections sloppy. The best option- use new types of metal fasteners

Most of the surviving monuments of wooden architecture were erected without a single nail, using only an axe, and this fact still causes admiration. But after centuries, made of metal fastening systems, used for construction wooden houses, have changed a lot, so today there is no point in repeating the “feats” of our ancestors.

It must be built simply, quickly and reliably. Let's look at the metal fasteners offered by manufacturers using the example of components and elements that can significantly simplify and speed up the connection of floor joists with beams or wooden walls, and at the same time some other operations.

1. CONNECTING ELEMENTS WITH PERFORATION

If beams and joists are invisible in the interior, then they can be connected using so-called beam shoes, produced, for example, by ESSVE. These elements are suitable for fastening wood not only to wood, but also to concrete or brickwork(when using appropriate dowels).

They are mainly made of hot-dip galvanized steel with a thickness of 1.5 or 2 mm. but there are also more expensive products on the market made from stainless acid-resistant A6 steel. The shoes are available in two versions: with cuffs turned outward or inward. Price: from 50 to 500 rubles. for 1 piece

The manufacturer recommends fastening the beam shoes to the elements being connected with special anchor screws with a diameter of 5 mm (depending on the load, the latter can be inserted into all or some of the holes), and if the load is very heavy or fixed to “stone” material, also use the holes for the bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, the market includes perforated universal clamps (a), rafter fasteners (b), angles (c), plates (d), shown in the figure, etc.

THE MAIN ADVANTAGE OF FASTENERS WITH PERFORATION IS THE ACCELERATION OF INSTALLATION WITH A SIMULTANEOUS INCREASE IN THE STRENGTH INDICATORS OF CONNECTIONS ADVANTAGES OF ANCHOR SCREWS

Why do manufacturers of perforated fasteners suggest using anchor screws? How are the latter better than ordinary self-tapping screws or anchor (ruffed) nails used to secure beam shoes and other perforated metal elements? The advantages are due to the design features of anchor screws. Firstly, their flat head presses the metal element being fixed more tightly to the wood.

Secondly, the smooth cylindrical part located under the screw head has the same diameter of 5 mm as the holes in the perforated metal elements. It completely fills the hole and therefore completely transfers the load, and also works well for shearing. In addition, thanks to the tapered head, the screw is better centered. An ordinary self-tapping screw does not always transfer the load completely; it performs much worse at shearing. Well, the anchor nail cannot be dismantled without destroying the part of the wooden element into which it is driven. But the anchor screw is easily unscrewed and can be screwed into a wooden element in a new place.

2. METAL SYSTEMS “TEN-GROOT”

The element is made of aluminum and consists of two parts, one of which is equipped with a tenon, the second with a corresponding groove. They are fastened to each other according to the “dovetail” principle, which allows for reliable transmission of vertical and horizontal forces, to absorb tensile and compressive forces and even bending moments. The connection can be either visible or hidden, for which both metal parts are recessed into pre-milled grooves. The length of the Atlas node connector is 70-200 mm. Price - 1500-5500 rub. for 1 piece

EuroTec's main competitors are Russian market are the Austrian companies PITZL and SHERPA Connection Systems, which produce a similar range of connecting elements. The SHERPA system is better known, providing load-bearing capacity connections from 5 to 280 kN - a special calculation program allows you to select fasteners for each specific case. Any connector consists of two aluminum parts, which are also fastened using the dovetail principle. The cost of SHERPA elements is from 800 to 12 thousand rubles. for 1 piece

Another competitor of EuroTec is the German company BB Stanz-und Umformtechnik. who developed the BB connecting unit. It is made of galvanized sheet steel with a thickness of U mm and consists, like its aluminum counterparts, of two parts, fixed to each other according to the dovetail principle. Both halves are attached to the wood with self-tapping screws, the number of which depends on the size of the element. BB connectors have a width of 70 mm and a length of 90. 125, 150 and 190 mm. The price is one of the most affordable today: 180-800 rubles. for 1 piece

Both parts of the Atlas connector are attached to the wooden parts with self-tapping screws, screwed at an angle of 90 and 45°. The connection is secured with a locking screw.

CONNECTORS ALLOW YOU TO SOLVE TASKS IN A FEW MINUTES THAT TAKE HOURS AND EVEN DAYS TO WORK IN CLASSICAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

3. 3D SLATS

Three-dimensional slats are suitable for connections (using nails or screws) not only “wood-to-wood” (the minimum thickness of the logs attached to the beam is 45 mm), but also “wood-to-concrete”, for which products are offered with enlarged holes for anchor bolts

4. HIDDEN ELEMENTS OF THE “HEDGEHOG” TYPE

These unusual products allow you to save not only the time required to assemble the unit, but also money, because connecting metal elements are not needed. Self-tapping screws are fully threaded, creating high pullout resistance, and are completely screwed into the wood at an angle of 30.45 or 60°. which radically changes the usual pattern of their work. In this case, the screws only work to pull out, which allows them to take on a significant part of the forces acting on the connection. Thus, you can connect parts at an angle (a), unite the elements. while reducing their deflection (b), strengthen the places of cutouts in beams and joists (c) (see figure below).

There are self-tapping screws with a cylindrical (screw diameter - 6.5, 8 and 10 mm) and countersunk (screw diameter - 8 or 11.3 mm) head. Length - 65-1000 mm. Price - 20-800 rub. for 1 piece To install screws with a length of less than 245 mm, no preliminary drilling is required, but for longer ones (to prevent slipping to the side), it is recommended to pre-drill holes for the self-tapping screw to a depth of up to 0.5 oz of its length.

Select the appropriate KonstruX screw, the fastening scheme of the elements, and also calculate required amount screws are helped by a special ECS program, which can be freely downloaded on the website of a screw manufacturer or a large retailer.

6. SPECIAL SCREWS

Using a self-tapping screw, Hobotec is attached solid boards, blockhouse or imitation timber. The head of the product is equipped with milling ribs and is easily recessed into the wood, and the tip is made in the form of a drill. A cutter in the middle of the length of the screw increases the diameter of the hole, allowing you to tighten the element being fastened more tightly. Self-tapping screws with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length of 20 to 60 mm are made of ordinary coated steel (price - 1100-2200 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.) or of stainless steel(price - 3500-7500 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.).

The tension screw is also equipped with a cutter, but its tip is different - it has a special groove. turning a screw into a wood drill. The flat cap has large diameter and is equipped with a self-countersinking head and a hexagonal slot. The self-tapping screw is coated with a special wax coating that reduces friction when screwing in. Product diameter - 3-12 mm. length - 30-600 mm. Price - from 300 to 5 thousand rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

The adjusting screw is useful, for example, for fastening window and door frames or wooden sheathing to wood, concrete, brick or metal (the element can be equipped with two types of drilling tip). The self-tapping screw is screwed into the box and the wall or power element located behind it in one step.

In this case, the ring conical “spikes” located under the head of the screw are firmly fixed in the box (almost like a fishhook), thanks to which its position relative to the wall is easily adjusted by further screwing or unscrewing the fastener. Length - from 60 to 125 mm. Price - from 2000 to 3500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

Special elements for performing operations common in wooden house construction: adjusting screw for window frames or sheathing (a); tension screw (6); Hobotec self-tapping screw for fastening solid boards, blockhouses or imitation timber for cladding wooden house(V)

Self-tapping screw for fastening wood paneling to the steel base. Equipped with a drill tip and special “wings” (located above the tip), which expand the hole in the wood and break when drilling metal. As a result, having cut a thread in the metal, the self-tapping screw is fixed in it, and the head attracts the wooden element to the metal. Length: 32-125 mm. Price: from 500 to 2500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

Most of the surviving monuments of wooden architecture were erected without a single nail, using only an axe, and this fact still causes admiration. But over the centuries, fastening systems made of metal and used for construction have changed greatly, so today there is no point in repeating the “feats” of our ancestors. It must be built simply, quickly and reliably. Let's look at the metal fasteners offered by manufacturers using the example of components and elements that can significantly simplify and speed up the connection of floor joists with beams or, and at the same time some other operations.

Photo: ESSVE. The beam shoes are equipped with 5 mm diameter holes (located on both the flange and the flanges) for nails/screws and 9 or 11 mm diameter holes for bolts or cap screws. On the lower surface of the flange there is a hole with a diameter of 7 mm for additional fastening of the log

1. Connecting elements with perforation

Photo: Eurotec. Special elements for performing operations common in wooden house construction: adjusting screw for window frames or sheathing (a); tightening screw (b); Hobotec self-tapping screw for fastening solid boards, blockhouses or imitation timber when covering a wooden house (c)

If beams and floor joists are invisible in the interior, then they can be connected using so-called beam shoes, produced, for example, by Essve. These elements are suitable for fastening wood not only to wood, but also to concrete or masonry (when using the appropriate ones). They are made mainly from hot-dip galvanized steel with a thickness of 1.5 or 2 mm, but there are also more expensive products on the market made from stainless acid-resistant A4 steel. The shoes are available in two versions: with cuffs turned outward or inward. Price: from 50 to 500 rubles. for 1 piece

The manufacturer recommends fastening the beam shoes to the elements being connected with special anchor screws with a diameter of 5 mm (depending on the load, the latter can be inserted into all or some of the holes), and if the load is very heavy or fixed to “stone” material, also use the holes for the bolts. In addition to anchor shoes, the market includes perforated universal clamps (a), rafter fasteners (b), angles (c), plates (d), shown in the figure, etc.

Advantages of anchor screws

Why do manufacturers of perforated fasteners suggest using anchor screws? How are the latter better than ordinary self-tapping screws or anchor (ruffed) nails used to secure beam shoes and other perforated metal elements?

The advantages are due to the design features of anchor screws.

Firstly, their flat head presses the metal element being fixed more tightly to the wood.

Secondly, the smooth cylindrical part located under the screw head has the same diameter of 5 mm as the holes in the perforated metal elements. It completely fills the hole and therefore completely transfers the load, and also works well for shearing. In addition, thanks to the tapered head, the screw is better centered.

An ordinary self-tapping screw does not always transfer the load completely; it performs much worse at shearing. Well, the anchor nail cannot be dismantled without destroying the part of the wooden element into which it is driven.

But the anchor screw is easily unscrewed and can be screwed into a wooden element in a new place.

2. Metal tongue-and-groove systems

The Atlas node connector is produced by the German company EuroTec. The element is made of aluminum and consists of two parts, one of which is equipped with a tenon, the second with a corresponding groove. They are fastened to each other according to the “dovetail” principle, which allows for reliable transmission of vertical and horizontal forces, to absorb tensile and compressive forces and even bending moments. The connection can be either visible or hidden, for which both metal parts are recessed into pre-milled grooves. The length of the Atlas node connector is 70–200 mm. Price - 1500–5500 rub. for 1 piece

EuroTec's main competitors on the Russian market are the Austrian companies PITZL and SHERPA Connection Systems, which produce a similar range of connecting elements. The SHERPA system is better known, providing a load-bearing capacity of connections from 5 to 280 kN -
a special calculation program allows you to select fasteners for each specific case. Any connector consists of two aluminum parts, which are also fastened using the dovetail principle. The cost of SHERPA elements is from 800 to 12 thousand rubles. for 1 piece

Photo: VV Stanz-und Umformtechnik, PITZL. SHERPA connectors (a - e), made of heavy-duty aluminum alloy, and steel elements BB (f - h) allow you to create not only high-strength and reliable building construction, but also very aesthetic stairs and even furniture

Another competitor of EuroTec is the German company BB Stanz-und Umformtechnik, which developed the BB connecting unit. It is made of galvanized sheet steel 4 mm thick and consists, like its aluminum counterparts, of two parts, fixed to each other according to the “dovetail” principle. Both halves are attached to the wood with self-tapping screws, the number of which depends on the size of the element. BB connectors are available in 70mm widths and 90, 125, 150 and 190mm lengths. The price is one of the most affordable today: 180–800 rubles. for 1 piece

Connectors allow you to solve problems in a few minutes that require hours or even days in classical construction technologies.

3. Three-dimensional slats

Photo: Rotho Blaas. Three-dimensional perforated aluminum slats for creating hidden connections: Alumaxi (a), Alumini (b) and Alumidi (c)

The Italian company Rotho Blaas offers to connect parts located both perpendicular to each other in the same plane and at an angle vertically, using T-shaped slats, which are made by extrusion from high-strength aluminum alloy EN AW-6005A. They are available in three modifications, designed for different load levels: Alumini, Alumidi and Alumaxi. Each contains slats with holes in the base and the shelf perpendicular to it, and without holes in the shelf. The slats can have a fixed length (from 80 to 768 mm), and in versions without holes, slats with a length of 2176 mm are available with cuts every 64 mm, which allows you to produce fasteners of any length.

During installation, the base of the batten is attached to the beam with self-tapping screws, then a groove is made at the end of the log attached to the beam, the dimensions of which correspond to the flange of the batten. If the latter has perforations, then, using the shelf as a jig, holes are drilled in the joist, put it on the shelf and metal pins are inserted into them. If there is no perforation, then put a log on the shelf and fix the connection with self-tapping screws and a drill. Price of rack fasteners: RUB 1,230–18,425. for 1 piece

The connecting system should be selected in accordance with the cross-sectional dimensions of the beams being connected, as well as the static and dynamic loads acting on them.

4. Hidden elements of the “Hedgehog” type

Photo: Rotho Blaas. Installation of the Hedgehog elements is simple. A recess is made at the end of the log, into which the connecting element is inserted and secured with self-tapping screws twisted at an angle. Further lag through in advance drilled hole attached to the beam with a threaded element screwed into the central hole of the connector

Rotho Blaas Disc connectors are a galvanized carbon steel washer. At the base of the washer there are holes drilled at an angle for self-tapping screws, and in the central part there is a threaded hole. A pin is screwed into the latter, its free end is threaded into a hole pre-drilled in the beam and secured on the opposite side of the beam with a nut with a wide washer placed under it. The resulting connection successfully works both in shear and pull-out. With a heavy load, up to three Disx elements with a washer base diameter of 50, 80 and 120 mm can be simultaneously installed at the end of the joist (the diameter of the threaded holes is M12, M16 and M20, respectively). Price: from 4145 to 9044 rubles. for 1 piece (screws included).

An alternative to Disc connectors are EuroTec's IdeeFix elements. The fastener is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with an outer diameter of 30, 40 or 50 mm, made of aluminum alloy. At the bottom of the cylinder there is a hole with an M12, M16 or M20 thread. In the top there is a conical recess with holes for self-tapping screws, drilled at an angle of 45°. The IdeeFix element is attached in almost the same way as the previous connector, but the joist is fixed to the beam not with a stud, but with a powerful bolt with a wide head (included in the kit along with self-tapping screws). Price - 1500–4500 rub. for 1 piece

5. KonstruX full thread self-tapping screws

These unusual products allow you to save not only the time required to assemble the unit, but also money, because connecting metal elements are not needed. Self-tapping screws have a full thread, creating a high resistance to pulling out, and are completely screwed into the wood at an angle of 30, 45 or 60°, which radically changes the usual pattern of their operation. In this case, the screws only work to pull out, which allows them to take on a significant part of the forces acting on the connection. Thus, it is possible to connect parts at an angle (a), unite elements while reducing their deflection (b), and strengthen cutouts in beams and joists (c) (see figure below).

Photo: Eurotec. The special ECS program, which can be freely downloaded on the website of a self-tapping screw manufacturer or a large retailer, helps you select the appropriate KonstruX screw, the fastening pattern of the elements, and also calculate the required number of screws.

There are self-tapping screws with a cylindrical (screw diameter - 6.5, 8 and 10 mm) and countersunk (screw diameter - 8 or 11.3 mm) head. Length - 65–1000 mm. Price - 20–800 rub. for 1 piece To install screws less than 245 mm in length, no pre-drilling is required, but for longer ones (to prevent slipping to the side), it is recommended to pre-drill holes for the self-tapping screw to a depth of up to ⅓ of its length.

6. Special screws

Using a Hobotec self-tapping screw, massive boards, blockhouses or imitation timber are fastened. The head of the product is equipped with milling ribs and is easily recessed into the wood, and the tip is made in the form of a drill. A cutter in the middle of the length of the screw increases the diameter of the hole, allowing you to tighten the element being fastened more tightly. Self-tapping screws with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length of 20 to 60 mm are made of ordinary coated steel (price - 1100–2200 rubles per pack of 500 pcs.) or stainless steel (price - 3500–7500 rubles per pack of 500 pcs. .).

The tension screw is also equipped with a cutter, but its tip is different - it has a special groove that turns the screw into a wood drill. The flat head has a large diameter and is equipped with a countersink head and a hexagonal slot. The self-tapping screw is coated with a special wax coating that reduces friction when screwing in. Product diameter - 3–12 mm, length - 30–600 mm. Price - from 300 to 5 thousand rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

Photo: Eurotec. A self-tapping screw is a weather vane for fastening wooden sheathing to a steel base. Equipped with a drill tip and special “wings” (located above the tip), which expand the hole in the wood and break when drilling metal. As a result, having cut a thread in the metal, the self-tapping screw is fixed in it, and the head attracts the wooden element to the metal. Length: 32–125 mm. Price: from 500 to 2500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

An adjusting screw is useful, for example, for attaching window and door frames or wooden sheathing to wood, concrete, brick or metal (the element can be equipped with two types of drilling tip). The self-tapping screw is screwed into the box and the wall or power element located behind it in one step. In this case, the ring conical “spikes” located under the head of the screw are firmly fixed in the box (almost like a fishhook), thanks to which its position relative to the wall is easily adjusted by further screwing or unscrewing the fastener. Length - from 60 to 125 mm. Price - from 2000 to 3500 rubles. per pack of 500 pcs.

Special self-tapping screws can significantly speed up and facilitate the execution of those operations that are necessary when creating wooden structures.

In building construction, wooden structural elements are often connected with nails. But such a procedure requires certain skills. To complete the work faster and easier, you can use metal corners for fastening wooden structures. With fastening components of various modifications, the amount of the estimate for building materials is reduced by reducing the percentage of trimming.

Fasteners for wooden structures

This fastener is an element of various configurations and sizes with a specific purpose. It is made of galvanized high-quality steel and has holes for nails and bolts.

During its manufacture they use steel, because it is very durable and moisture resistant. Products made from it do not corrode and have a long service life.

To ensure the strength and quality of connections, metal elements used to fasten wooden structures manufactured only in factory conditions. Manufacturers provide a wide selection of different fasteners. It is important to choose them correctly for a certain type of work.

Today on the building materials market there is a large selection of fasteners from different manufacturers:

In addition, similar products divided into classes:

1. Metal. They are metal plates of various geometric shapes: square, corner, etc. Such fasteners contain many holes for fixing.
2. Steel. These include nails, screws, anchors, bolts and dowels. These elements connect wooden structures that are made from alloy various modifications and length.

All element holders are made of wood must correspond the following requirements. When using metal holders, the thickness of the timber should be at least five centimeters. This is due to the length of the nails and screws that will be used for fastening.

To prevent the fasteners from loosening when the timber dries, it is necessary use rough nails instead of the usual ones. It is recommended to install the connecting elements in pairs parallel to each other. During installation wooden beams connect joint to joint, gaps are unacceptable.

Perforated holder

Perforated fasteners for wooden structures are widely used not only in construction, but also in everyday life and in furniture construction. They have gained high popularity due to their undeniable advantages:

Perforated fasteners are made in the form narrow and wide plates, corners and other shapes. Except rafter systems, such a connection is used in the construction of such structures:

• gazebos;
• wooden houses;
• wood finishing of building facades.

Hidden fasteners

The hidden fastening method is usually used to connect boards on the terrace and facade. The advantage of this type of fastening is that it hides the elements that secure the boards. This adds elegance to the design. Hidden fasteners can be of the following types:

Each holder described above own modification, which is selected based on the weight of the structure and complexity.

Decorative fasteners

This type of connection is mainly used for interior decoration wood of the room to give it an aesthetic appearance. Decorative holders are made from both metal and plastic. Outwardly, they look like a plug that is put on connecting elements of various types.

What kind of fasteners should be used for lumber? Wood is enough soft material, especially when you compare it with other types of arrays. However physical properties wooden parts used in construction can vary greatly depending on the percentage of their moisture content, the species used, the growing conditions of the trees... The structure is not uniform even in different areas of the same log. In any case, the fastening element must adhere well to the fibers and reliably fix any parts. To increase the friction force, nails are often knurled or roughened, and self-tapping screws have coarse threads.

Reliability of wood fasteners

Most wood fasteners in Moscow are made from galvanized and phosphated steel or metals that do not rust (for example, there are nails made of aluminum and copper). Only some types of products are made of ferrous metal, but only those that are used in rough structures - construction nails, hardened roofing staples. The protective coating allows you to significantly increase the service life of fasteners, but, in addition, the aesthetic properties of the product are improved by an order of magnitude, because red spots and streaks from rust will be excluded.

The design of modern fasteners is thought out to the smallest detail. So, there are dozens of types of self-tapping screws that are designed for certain jobs, each of them has its own characteristics. Let's say a roofing fastener has a drill on the tip that can be used to drill through sheet metal, and a large rubberized washer. And for structural yellow self-tapping screws - complex carving along the body (sometimes incomplete) and a special tip. The finishing nail has a very small head, while the galvanized nail for fastening OSB, on the contrary, has a rather large head. There are fastening products with a conical head, and others with a flat one. Lots of length options available.

Almost all of these fasteners (including perforated ones) are used under load, so they must be resistant to bending and shearing forces. High-quality wood fasteners do not break; in extreme cases, they can only bend. For certain jobs, you can choose products of different thicknesses, this applies to both nails/screws and perforated plates/corners.

Types of fasteners for wood

Nails

This is perhaps one of the most famous and proven types of components for construction work. This wood fastener has the most affordable price, but it is practical and functional. A nail is a metal rod cut from wire, which has a point at one end and a flat head at the other.

When used, the product is hammered with a regular hammer, or can be combined into strips and loaded into a nail gun. Nails can be used alone or in combination with perforated fasteners.

The size of the head differs in size, depending on whether the nail should be recessed or press the part more reliably. The rod may have notches to increase friction forces, because it is with their help that the nails are held in the wood. The length (as well as the thickness) of the nail is selected according to the nature of the connection and the type of loads experienced by the unit.

Depending on the purpose for which nails are intended, they are divided into several main types. If we talk about construction, then this is:

• Black construction nails,
• Galvanized with a large head,
• Ruffed,
• Screw,
• Finishing,
• Tolevye,
• Slate.

Self-tapping screws

This is a modern fastener, highly effective and at the same time very practical. The cost of fasteners for this type of wood is higher than that of nails, but it also has many advantages.
The beauty of a self-tapping screw is that it takes advantage of the plasticity of wood. That is, it allows screwing in without preliminary drilling. Thanks to the wide thread pitch and increased height (for example, metal screws have more frequent and lower threads), this fastener fits tightly into any wood fibers and stays there perfectly. At the same time, such a connection remains dismountable, while wooden parts nailed down with nails can be separated without damage very rarely.

The design of the thread and tip is designed for easy entry into wood. A drill at the end of wood screws is usually not used. The hat is made with a cone for recessing, or flat, for the “press washer”, “ roofing screw"The thread can be continuous or partial. There are many options for the thickness and length of products.

To use self-tapping screws, you need a drill or screwdriver, although, theoretically, small items in small quantities can be screwed in with a screwdriver. To transmit rotation from the tool, there are slots on the head of the self-tapping screw. The shape of the slots may vary. As a rule, PH or PZ formats are used - this must be taken into account when choosing a bit.

Among the many types of wood screws, the most popular are:

• phosphated (black);
• galvanized (yellow);
• roofing (white and painted);
• screws with a hexagonal or profile head (including: capercaillie, with a ring, with a hook, L-shaped crutch screw, capercaillie with a spring).

Threaded metric connection types

Nails and screws are not the only components that can be used to assemble wooden structures. The most loaded or most voluminous units are twisted using bolts and studs. Together with nuts and washers, these hardware allow you to get the most reliable fixation, because you can press the parts very tightly against each other, use rods of increased diameter (and therefore very strong). An obvious advantage is the ability to disassemble and reassemble structures several times.

Studs and bolts are installed through a through hole, which must be drilled in each of the parts being fastened. Direct fixation is carried out by tightening the nuts. Large washers increase the bearing area and prevent the nuts/heads from sinking into the wood.

Perforated fasteners

This type of fasteners is designed to speed up the installation of wooden building elements. Thanks to such products, it became possible to avoid the technically complex (and labor-intensive) production of mortises and locks in wood. If cutting wood actually underestimated the cross-section of parts, then perforated products made it possible to perform end-to-end assembly, and with an increase in the reliability of the assembly. Therefore, there is no need to increase the cross-section of lumber, as before. Accordingly, it will be possible to unload the house and save money, although before making calculations it seems that buying perforated fasteners for wood is a rather expensive solution.

Another advantage of such products lies in the increase in construction speed. Connections using angles and plates can be easily made by non-professionals, because all that is needed is to cut the beam or board more or less exactly to length.

Perforated fasteners are available in a wide range. They are combined into a system and cover all the needs of modern wooden and general construction. They are made from sheet metal thickness from one and a half to 5 mm, which contains a large number of holes (small round, large for anchors, long slots for sliding fixations). All products are galvanized and completely ready for use. Among all the fasteners with perforation, there are several types based on design and scope of use, first of all, these are corners, plates, supports, and tapes.

Price list

Prices for wood fasteners

All photos from the article

Perhaps fasteners for wooden structures are considered by some to be an unnecessary innovation, saying that a hut should be cut without a single nail, and such an opinion, of course, deserves respect.

However, various angles, brackets, brackets, plates, sliding fasteners and similar fittings make the installation of beams and logs much easier, and both the customer and the contractor benefit from this, because the time saved in most cases saves money.

We will now tell you what metal fittings for fastening lumber are, and we will give some examples of its use, as well as demonstrate a video in this article.

Mounting hardware

The variety of metal fasteners in the construction of wooden structures and furniture production is quite large. But such fittings are not the prerogative of any private or government organizations– it can always be purchased in furniture and hardware stores in our country.

Threaded fittings

• The most common types of fasteners for wooden structures are ring anchor nails, wedge anchors, universal and hex head screws, self-tapping screws, threaded rods, hex nuts and metal washers. Such fittings are often auxiliary not only for joining timber, but for other overhead fasteners, which will be discussed below.
• Often, instructions from the manufacturer state that all fittings of this type must be made of hardened steel, and for external work a galvanized coating is required. Black phosphated self-tapping screws are recommended for use exclusively for interior work, and even then, provided that there is no high humidity in the room.
• To install parts with perforated fasteners, it is recommended to use low-carbon galvanized screws with a conical head that is well recessed into the perforated surface of strips, corners and similar elements.
• For large parts (high load areas) it is recommended to use low carbon galvanized hex head screws (DIN571 is taken into account). Of course, the price of galvanized electrolytic steel is slightly higher than usual, but such fasteners allow you not to worry about the reliability of fixing the parts.

Note. Currently, professional builders often use corrugated (ring) and rafter nails. In contrast to them, each turn is closed, which provides greater tensile strength - it is almost impossible to pull them out after installation.

Mounting corners

Fasteners for wooden structures - different types of angles

We all know perforated metal corner can be a universal device that is used both in the construction of wooden structures and furniture assembly, and in the arrangement of ventilated facades. They can be different sizes, but this depends on their purpose, that is, the force of the load on a given node and its configuration are taken into account.

Note! The smallest perforated corners are needed for assembling furniture, installing partitions, window and doorways, sheathing (frames) for insulation and cladding, and larger ones are needed for wooden beams.

In any case, such fittings should be narrower than the parts that are joined with its assistance, at least 2-3 mm on each side. In cases where the timber is attached to concrete slab or block, then the part must have holes for anchor bolts.

When assembling units where large bending loads are subsequently expected, a perforated galvanized corner with one or two stiffening ribs is used, where the metal thickness must be at least 2.5-3 mm.

The perforations located at the ends of the element can be 5, 7, 11, and 14 mm in diameter - this variety allows fastening using self-tapping screws, screws and anchor bolts of different sections.