Heating pumps with frequency regulation. Frequency circulation pumps for heating

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Economic benefits from using a circulation pump with an intelligent control system in the heating system.

The material was prepared with the participation of company expertsWilo .

The past winter heating period with severe frosts, sudden thaws and frequent transitions through 0 could reveal all the pros and cons in the operation of the heating system country house. As a result, depending on the efficiency of the equipment, homeowners either spent the planned funds on heating the cottage, or overpaid and thought about how to reduce costs in the next heating season.

There are several ways to modernize your heating system and thereby reduce operating costs in long term. One of them is to equip the “engineer” with a circulation pump that flexibly adapts to constantly changing operating conditions. We are looking into the issue with the help of an engineer from a circulation pump manufacturer.

• What are the features of a modern heating system?
• Why do you need a circulation pump with an intelligent control system?
• What is the operating principle of circulation pumps with an electronic control system based on?
• What is the economic benefit of using a “smart” circulation pump.

Features of a modern heating system for a country house

Depending on the region, the heating season in our country lasts on average 6-7 months. Because Energy prices are rising all the time, and among owners of country cottages there is increasing interest in building energy-efficient houses, i.e. buildings where all energy losses are minimized. Practice shows that with a competent approach to the process of constructing such a house (based on thermal engineering calculations), the funds spent on its construction are returned in the form of reduced energy costs.

But one thing is often overlooked important point- construction of an energy efficient, and therefore economical home, requires solving a whole range of problems. In addition to insulation and installation of a ventilation system with a recuperator, to minimize costs it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the heating system.

The heating “engineer” of a country cottage includes a wide variety of equipment. These are solid fuel, gas, electric or diesel boilers, underfloor heating system or wall-mounted radiators with thermostatic heads, etc. Therefore, the heating system of a country house is equipped with circulation pumps.

A circulation pump is needed to pump coolant through a long-distance heating circuit (pipelines).

Often, conventional (unregulated) circulation pumps are installed in the heating system, always operating at constant speed revolutions or having stepwise adjustment of coolant pressure in 2-3 ranges.

These pumps may have an outdated design and an inefficient motor. This leads to significant overspending Money. To avoid this, the heating system can be upgraded by installing a “smart” circulation pump.

Advantages of a circulation pump with an intelligent control system

Unregulated heating system pumps consume a large number of electricity, because During the entire heating period they constantly operate at maximum mode. While in fact most time, the heating system operates in partial load mode.

For example, in case of sudden warming (this often happens in the middle of winter), the user lowers the temperature of the coolant and its pressure, because Heating devices do not require increased heat transfer. Also, the heating system is not required to operate at maximum efficiency at the beginning and at the end. heating season, when cool weather has just set in outside, and severe frosts have not yet arrived. When changing day and night, when leaving home for work during the day, when using thermostatic heads installed on radiators, you can lower the temperature in the rooms and, thereby, save money on heating.

That is, during the entire heating season, maximum performance is required from the circulation pump for only a limited period of time. Consequently, the pump must flexibly adapt to constantly changing operating conditions and the personal preferences of the people living in the house.

Anastasia Listopad

Older generation pumps allow you to manually select one of several constant speeds (usually two or three). Often these pumps can operate at maximum speed even if all radiators are closed. This leads to unreasonably high energy consumption.

Modern “smart” circulation pumps are equipped with highly efficient motors with automatic power control. This optimizes the hydraulic parameters of the pump in all modes of operation of the heating system and, especially, in part-load modes, which can significantly reduce energy costs.

Additional energy savings are achieved by activating the automatic speed reduction mode and the Dynamic adapt function. This is a function of continuous dynamic adjustment of the operating point in the partial load zone of the pump.

Due to the constant adaptation of the pump operating point, as well as the automatic air removal function, the use of electronic pumps avoids the occurrence of noise in the system, which is especially important for residential premises

Operating principle of circulation pumps with electronic control system

As mentioned above, in our climatic zone there are significant temperature fluctuations environment. Regardless of weather conditions, the user needs to ensure constant comfortable temperature air in residential premises.

At low temperatures As a rule, all radiators are open, maximum coolant supply is required. As the outside temperature rises, some of the radiators are closed - less coolant passes through the system.

IN modern systems In heating systems, pumps with frequency control of the coolant flow are increasingly being used, or they are also called frequency pumps. Many users are trying to find out the advantages of these devices over conventional pumps, since frequency pumps are a little more expensive than their classic counterparts. What justifies the increased cost of frequency-controlled circulation pumps? Let's figure it out.

Frequency-controlled pumps have two main advantages over conventional ones. The main advantages of pumps with frequency conversion are:

• They can operate in modes proportional to coolant pressure;
• Less energy consumption, since frequency operates more efficiently than classic.

In fact, these advantages are much greater, but more on that below.

Operation in proportional to pressure mode is very important in heating systems, where the coolant flow is regulated by thermostatic valves installed on radiators. These valves are also called thermostatic valves and with the help of these devices you can regulate the flow of coolant into the radiator. By closing the valve, the flow through the radiator decreases, thereby increasing the load on the circulation pump, since the throughput of the heating circuit is slightly reduced.

What is the difference between a frequency pump and a classic one?

A conventional circulation pump, under conditions of increased load, continues to operate in standard mode, thereby creating excess pressure at the outlet, which entails increased energy consumption. Frequency pump, in declining conditions bandwidth heating circuit, reduces the speed using a frequency converter, thereby preventing the creation of excess pressure at the pump outlet, which significantly saves energy.

Using a frequency controlled circulation pump can solve a lot of problems. It determines operating modes for itself, since it instantly adapts to pressure differences in the heating circuit. The frequency converter inside controls the engine speed, and as soon as the resistance in the heating system begins to increase, with the help of a frequency converter, the engine speed is immediately reduced. This allows you to stabilize the outlet pressure and maintain this pressure at a given level. In such conditions, the frequency pump operates in a gentle mode, which has a positive effect on its service life and does not lead to unnecessary energy consumption.

With the help of a frequency pump, ideal operating parameters of the heating system in which they are used are achieved. Also, the absence of pressure drops has a positive effect on the service life of pipe connections and fittings, as well as on the condition of the pipes themselves and the heat exchanger. Also, such pumps have some design features that distinguish these devices from conventional circulation pumps. Pumps with frequency conversion are manufactured using permanent magnets, which can significantly reduce energy consumption.

The frequency generator can be compared to an energy-saving lamp, which, although more expensive than a regular lamp, brings significant savings over long-term use. Frequency-type pumps also save the user’s budget, although the pump itself costs a little more than its classic counterpart. When using a frequency pump in heating systems on a long-term basis, the economic effect is obvious. Frequent pressure drops in the heating circuit can eventually damage a conventional circulation pump, and this element of the heating system is one of the most expensive. The frequency pump operates at optimal conditions, and has twice the service life.

Additional features of the frequency pump

Pumps with frequency conversion have a special display that displays information about the volume of pumped coolant per hour. Also, pumps of this type have controls in the form of buttons, with which you can manually set the operating modes of the pump. The frequency pump, using the control buttons, can be set to normal mode, which will allow you to use this device as a regular unregulated pump. This is done at the request of the user, as well as if it is necessary to install a frequency pump in heating systems where thermostatic valves are not used. The operating modes of the frequency pump are also shown on the LED display.

Power consumption and heating

Under maximum load conditions, a frequency-type circulation pump consumes no more than 20 W of electricity. And all this is due to the fact that this pump uses permanent magnets. With a minimal decrease in speed, the frequency pump consumes only 12-13 W, while a conventional circulation pump constantly consumes about 50 W - on average.

When the throughput of the heating circuit decreases, due to the closing of the thermostatic valves, the conventional pump continues to operate at normal speed, trying to overcome the resistance. The pressure at the pump outlet increases, and at the same time the heating of the pump itself increases, which also negatively affects its service life. A frequency-controlled circulation pump does not have these disadvantages because it adapts to the resistance heating system, and its engine is running in comfortable conditions without excessive heat. The frequency pump is designed to last for decades.

Positive effect on heating system elements

Also, the leveling of pressure drops in the heating circuit by a frequency pump has a beneficial effect on service life. Pressure changes cause the rubber membrane, which is used in expansion tanks, to compress and stretch, which over time leads to failure of the expansion tank.

The absence of pressure drops, which is guaranteed when using a pump with a converter, allows the expansion tank to operate in almost one mode, which does not entail stretching or contracting of the rubber membrane. You just need to carefully monitor the air pressure in the expansion tank and periodically pump it up. This should be done by a specialist who services your heating system.

When using a circulation pump with regulation, radiators last much longer. This is also directly related to the absence of pressure drops in the heating circuit, which contribute to the deformation of radiators, which over time leads to the appearance of microcracks and then fistulas.

Conclusion

Circulation pumps with frequency conversion are gaining more and more popularity, despite the slightly higher cost than conventional pumps. There are many more benefits from such equipment and all purchase costs of this device This is more than compensated for by energy savings and the heating system operating in the correct mode. Also, the use of such equipment brings increased comfort to the user, since the operation of the heating system becomes almost silent.

A circulation pump with frequency conversion not only sets the correct parameters for the functioning of the heating circuit, but also has a positive effect on the operation of the heating boiler. The absence of pressure drops, first of all, has a very beneficial effect on the heat exchanger, relieving it of constant deformations that are caused by pressure surges in the heating system. Such pumps are a very useful innovation in heating systems and this innovation is the future.

In heating systems, the coolant moves through pipes and radiators, while trying to overcome the strongest resistance that appears naturally due to the viscosity of water, friction force, and simply the desire of the liquid to stop flowing. In gravity heating systems (gravity flow) driving force is the difference in the density and temperature of the coolant at the supply and return, and in closed (forced) heating systems everything is a little different. To compensate for resistance, circulation pumps are needed that pump water with a certain force. But let's be objective, not all heating systems are the same. Everywhere there is a different resistance, and the volume of heating systems is always different. At the same time, the standard approach with three-speed pumps (manual adjustment) may not always be optimal. Somewhere the pump will consume more electricity, since it will be set to a higher gear, and somewhere it simply will not pump the system, since it is set to economy mode, and is simply unable to do its job. How to find the golden mean, and at the same time get the ideal settings for the heating system, and at the same time not overpay for electricity? The answer is obvious - buy a frequency circulation pump.

It’s worth starting with the fact that the developers of this product conducted lengthy tests and collected information related to the development of the most optimal algorithms for the operation of heating systems. At the same time, weather indicators and time periods of the day were taken into account when the heating system least required an increased supply of coolant. As a result, even in standard settings You will already have:

Grundfos AutoAdapt mode. The pump automatically adapts to the heating system, compares the difference in pressure at the inlet and outlet of the pump, and then independently selects, by means of frequency adjustment, the rotation speed of the engine rotor to the required resistance compensation in the heating system in a given unit of time. In other words, the pump itself will choose the speed of operation, instead of mindlessly working out a rigidly selected speed.

* simple example. Saving even 0.05 kW/hour (50 W) per day gives a total electricity consumption of 1.2 kW. Per month, this amount grows to 36 kW.... And our winters are long, and it is not difficult to calculate how much extra energy you pay for the heating season.

The FLOWADAPT mode is also available, which combines the AutoAdapt mode and the FLOW limit mode (flow limitation). You can set proportional pressure adjustment values. Adjust settings according to constant pressure, regulate the circulation pump at a constant temperature. There is an operating mode in accordance with the constant characteristics of the hydraulic parameters.
Operating mode in accordance with the minimum or maximum characteristic
Automatic night mode switches the heating system to economical mode, reducing temperature conditions systems. Naturally, you now have the opportunity to regulate the temperature range of the pumped liquid over a wide range.

Naturally, circulation pumps that are used in heating systems country houses and dachas, by their design, belong to pumps with a wet rotor. This technology allows you to almost completely eliminate noise from a running pump. It is also worth noting that such pumps are cooled and lubricated by the pumped coolant.

In our store you can order and buy energy-saving pumps of the following modifications: Unipump LPA; Grundfos Alpha 2 (Grundfos Alpha); Grundfos Magna3 (Grundfos Magna) .

Many circulation pumps are equipped with an asynchronous motor with a squirrel cage rotor - the most common and reliable device for operating pumping equipment. However, this type of engine for a long time there were significant drawbacks: the inability to conveniently regulate the rotor rotation speed and the starting current, which was 5-7 times higher than the rated power.

These features cause large energy losses and lead to mechanical shock loads. All this negatively affects the life of the pump. That's why modern models are equipped with electronic frequency regulators that solve all these problems.

Operating principle and design of frequency controllers

In pumps for heating and water supply, a regulator is necessary for frequency conversion alternating current and its reduction by 4-5 times. The design of the converters includes a power part (transistors operating in electronic switch mode) and a control part. The latter is a digital microprocessor through which power elements are controlled, and it becomes possible to expand equipment control options.

There are two types of regulators:

• Single-phase are used for pumps with power up to 7.5 kW. Such regulators have one design feature: at the input there is 1 phase with a voltage of 220 V, and at the output there are 3 phases with the same voltage value. This feature makes it possible to connect three-phase electric motors to the device without using capacitors.
• Three-phase regulators are designed for networks with voltages from 380 V, and are used in pumps with power from 0.75 to 630 kW.

Pumps with frequency controllers are the most modern models, providing a wide range of possibilities for regulating the operation of an asynchronous motor

Advantages of variable frequency pumps

Pump models with a private owner allow you to control the drive according to a given algorithm, and also have several other important advantages:

• reduce energy consumption by up to 50%;
• make it possible to configure the operation of the pump and change its operating mode;
• ensure smooth engine starting;
• allow you to regulate the rotation speed, and, as a result, the intensity of circulation, both manually and automatically, according to signals from peripheral devices;
• allow you to start the electric drive using a timer.

Thus, frequency-controlled equipment is more energy efficient and allows expansion functionality pump You can get professional advice on choosing circulation pumps at the official representative office of the DAB company in Moscow.