Business for the production of wooden pallets. Production of wooden pallets

Pallets (or pallets) are an irreplaceable storage material. Today it is difficult to find a wholesale company or manufacturing enterprise that does not use pallets in its activities. Thanks to them, the movement of goods around the warehouse, unloading and unloading of goods (using loading equipment) is greatly facilitated. Pallets allow you to store cargo in several tiers, make it easier to account for large quantities of goods, etc. From this we can conclude: given that pallets are consumables, they will always be in demand.

There are several prerequisites for starting a business in this direction:

1. High demand for pallets, which means no problems with sales. The main thing is not to inflate your prices, and the client will find you himself.
2. Considering simple technology, a mini-workshop can be opened in a bare area or in a garage.
3. Available raw materials. There are sufficient quantities of scraps and cheap boards at every sawmill.
4. You can start almost from scratch, making pallets by hand. As production develops, additional equipment is purchased, and production volumes increase several times.

“Very cheap black forest wood is excellent for the production of pallets. To start full-fledged production, it is enough to purchase two sawmills (band and flywheel) and pneumatic hammers in the amount of two units,” says user Konstantin from the forums.wood.ru forum.

If it is possible to take ready-made low-grade boards, then you can limit yourself to only pneumatic hammers and work tables for assembling pallets. But this is only for small production or as additional type activities to the existing sawmill.

The most popular pallet size is 100*120*12 cm (others can be made). But this size will take you 100%, and during the season there will be a queue.

“There are thoughts about opening our own pallet production. Attracts stability of demand all year round. The volume of finished boards per pallet, according to my calculations, is 0.0429 cubic meters,” says user Nikolay 64 from the forums.wood.ru forum.

Popular equipment for industrial production pallet – multi-saw frame machine RM-50, designed for sawing logs into boards. It is specially adapted to produce a thin board - the very material that forms the frame of the product. A new version of such a machine costs from 500,000 rubles.

An important organizational component of a business is the need for sufficient work force. To maintain good turnover, a minimum of 500 units per day is required. There is no way you can do this with just one or two employees. The staff should consist of 3-4 craftsmen (knotters) and 5-6 auxiliary workers (trimming, sorting, loading and unloading).

“We buy lumber at a price of 1,400 rubles. per cubic meter. We carry out the assembly using pneumatic hammers on a special jig of our own making. The assembly process involves three chippers and six assistants. The productivity of our mini-enterprise is 500 pcs. per day,” says user Igorek from the forums.wood.ru.

The production technology looks extremely simple. The following video clearly shows how in one and a half minutes you can make a full-fledged wooden pallet with the help of one worker and a pneumatic hammer:

How much can you earn?

To make one pallet, 3 bars, 6 boards and 36 nails are required. The cost calculation is as follows:

• Lumber – 60 rub.
• Nails – 12 rub.
• Trimming – 10 rub.
• Electricity (machine operation) – 10 rubles.
• Rent of premises – 5 rubles.
• Salary – 16 rubles.
• Taxes and other expenses – 10 rubles.

Total – 123 rub.

Costs are 123 rubles/piece. New pallets are sold at a price of 200 rubles. From one sold unit we receive at least 70 rubles.

With the help of six workers and one band sawmill it is possible to produce up to 10,000 pallets per month (460 pieces per day). Profit, taking into account all products sold, will be: 10,000 x 70 rubles. = 700,000 rub.

Business registration

Such a business is most often registered as an ordinary individual entrepreneurship using the taxation system – simplified tax system (USN). The OKVED code is 20.4 – “Production of wooden containers”.

If you plan to work with large volumes, when the main client is large industrial and trading enterprises, then it must be registered entity(LLC) on the classical tax system. This is done so that it is possible to work with VAT and not lose large wholesale customers.

Many entrepreneurs who produce own products, regular cargo transportation or storage of goods in warehouses, face the need to use wooden pallets for cargo so that it does not deteriorate due to dampness, mechanical stress, etc. The production of wooden pallets involves the production of special containers that ensure the safety of the cargo. Such products are very effective and reliable, which is why they are widely used farms and agricultural enterprises, markets and shopping centers, manufacturers and cargo carriers.

Production of wooden pallets

Today, many companies produce wooden pallets, but not all of them are ready to provide good products at an affordable price. Thanks to the application innovative solutions and a responsible approach to work, our company “Spetspromstroy” is one of the leaders in the field of manufacturing wooden containers for storing and transporting goods. During our existence, we have gained trust from customers and respect among competitors, and all thanks to the following advantages:

• exclusively the highest quality, functionality, strength and durability of the products offered;
• wide Production Line(including production of euro pallets), thanks to which every entrepreneur or individual will be able to choose the most suitable products;
• production of pallets of standard and non-standard shapes and sizes;
• reasonable prices that are accessible to all market representatives;
• favorable offers for regular customers and wholesale buyers.

Our company produces wooden pallets on a huge scale, since these products are in great demand on the market, while their cost is relatively low. For production, we use automated and semi-automated technologies, thanks to which the products fully comply with the requirements state standards and sanitary and epidemiological standards.

Production of wooden pallets

Our company “Spetspromstroy” also produces wooden pallets. For this purpose, coniferous and deciduous wood is used (the choice depends on customer requirements and the characteristics of the product’s operation). We cut and process wooden pallets using modern woodworking equipment. This process is comprehensive, and quality control of manufactured products is carried out at each stage. For reliable fastening, we use special nails (brushed or screw), which ensures maximum strength of the structures.

Often our company produces pallets standard sizes(1200x800mm, 1200x1000mm, 1200x1200mm), but we also make wooden pallets based on customers' drawings. Thanks to this, our craftsmen and engineers will efficiently and quickly develop compact or very large sizes. Therefore, you will be able to transport and store non-standard cargo. We ship immediately after production ready-made designs customers, but if necessary, you can leave the products for temporary storage in our warehouses, where optimal temperature and humidity are constantly maintained.

Manufacturing of wooden pallets

Would you like to order production of wooden pallets or pallet? Call our managers or leave a request on our website - we will kindly help you place an order and choose the most suitable products to solve specific problems, and also answer all your questions.

Wooden Euro pallets have dimensions of 800 by 1200 mm, are made in accordance with GOST 9557-87 and fully comply with European standards. Made from deciduous or coniferous wood (most often pine).

Pallet drawing 1000 x 1200 mm:

1. Longitudinal board - 120x100x22 - 10 units.
2. Cross board - 1000x100x22 - 3 units.
3. Checker - 100x100x80, requirement - 9 units.
4. Screw nail - 90x3.5, requirement - 27 units.
5. Screw nail - 70x3.5, requirement - 27 units.
6. Smooth nail - 60x3, requirement - 24 units.

1. The manufacture of a pallet is allowed from any type of wood with natural moisture content. It is recommended to use edged lumber. Wood of grades 2 - 3 must comply with GOST 8486-86 or GOST 2695-83.

6. GOST pallet 9078-84.

Drawing of a pallet 800 x 1200 mm euro:

Material consumption, and symbols on the drawing:

1. Longitudinal board - 1200x145x22 - 4 pcs.
2. Longitudinal board - 1200x100x22 - 4 pcs.
3. Cross board - 800x145x22 - 3 pcs.
4. Side checker - 145x100x78, requirement - 6 pcs.
5. Central checker - 145x145x78 - 3 pcs.
6. Screw nail - 70x3, requirement - 27 pcs.
7. Screw nail - 90x3.5, requirement - 27 pcs.
8. Smooth nail - 60x2.5, requirement - 24 pcs.

Technical specifications for the production of panels for pallets:

1. The moisture content of wood material should not exceed 24%.

2. Natural roughness from sawing is allowed in wood material.

3. Blunt wane is allowed on internal boards. The wane area should not exceed 10 (mm) in thickness and 20 (mm) in length.

4. To make the pallet, only coniferous boards are used.

5. Nails used on blocks 90 x 3.5 (mm) - on top, 70 x 3.5 (mm) - on the bottom.

6. The boards of the top panel are nailed with a smooth nail 60 x 2.5 (mm). The nail is bent with reverse side boards.

7. It is necessary to ensure that the chamfer is cut 15 x 15 (mm) at an angle of 45 degrees.

8. The checker fibers are parallel to the surface.

9. GOST pallet 9057-87.

Drawing of a lightweight pallet 800 x 1200 mm:

Material consumption and symbols in the drawing:

1. Longitudinal board -1200x100x20 - 8 pcs.
2. Cross board - 800x100x20 - 3 pcs.
3. Checker - 100x100x80, requirement - 9 pcs.
4. Screw nail - 90x3.5, requirement - 18 pcs.
5. Screw nail - 70x3, requirement - 18 pcs.
6. Smooth nail - 60x2.5, requirement - 12 pcs.

Technical specifications for the production of panels for pallets:

The nominal size of the product is 800 x 1200 (mm).

The actual size of the product is 800 x 1200 mm.

1. The manufacture of a pallet is allowed from any type of wood with natural moisture content. It is recommended to use edged lumber. Wood of 2-3 grades must comply with GOST 8486-86 or GOST GOST 2695-83. (spruce, pine, aspen, alder, poplar).

2. Natural roughness from sawing is allowed in wood material.

3. Blunt wane is allowed on internal boards. The wane area should not exceed 10 (mm) in thickness and 20 (mm) in length.

4. Four chamfers are made at the corners of the pallet.

5. To fasten the pallet boards I use smooth and screw nails: three flooring boards are attached to the cross boards using 9 x 3.5 (mm) screw nails, the lower longitudinal boards are attached with 7 x 3 (mm) screw nails. The flooring boards are fastened to the cross boards with smooth nails 6 x 2.5 (mm).

6. To assemble the pallet, screw/or/ribbed and smooth nails are used: the transverse boards and flooring boards are attached to the blocks with screws or rough nails 90 x 3.5 (mm) on top, the lower longitudinal boards - with screw/or/ribbed nails 70 x 30 (mm) ). The flooring boards are attached to the cross boards with smooth nails 60 x 2.5 (mm).

7. GOST pallet 9078-84.

Pallets are used to store products and transport them using forklifts. Not a single large enterprise, shopping center or warehouse can do without pallets: the demand for them is very high. Therefore, the business of manufacturing them is a profitable business. According to statistics, production various types containers and packaging are even more cost-effective than manufacturing the goods themselves, due to their everyday necessity, ease of creation and lack of frills in finishing.

Business registration

First of all, you need to register your future enterprise. There are two options here.

IP

Usually, beginning entrepreneurs register their business as an individual entrepreneur, with the simplified taxation system. As the OKVED code, you need to indicate clause 20.4, which includes the production of wooden containers. Required documents:

1. Power of attorney (if you will submit documents through a proxy).
2. A receipt for the state fee you paid in the amount of 800 rubles.
3. Passport (or a copy certified by a notary) and its photocopy.
4. Information about the chosen taxation system.
5. TIN certificate (photocopy).
6. Statement.

The collected documents must be taken to the tax office located in the area where you are registered, or to the MFC (regardless of registration).

OOO

If you want to produce large quantities of goods, expecting to deliver them industrial enterprises And shopping centers, register your business as an LLC. This will give you the opportunity to sell goods in bulk, paying the usual tax including VAT. To do this you will need:

1. Statement.
2. Receipt of paid state duty (RUB 4,000).
3. Document on the creation of an LLC (if the founder is represented in the singular) or minutes of the meeting (if there are several founders).
4. Establishment agreement.
5. Articles of association.
6. Certificate of legal address.

Documents are submitted to the tax service.

Features of demand

It is not profitable to import wooden pallets from abroad, since when passing through customs inspection they are subject to a phytosanitary inspection, for which you have to pay, which increases the cost of the goods. Pallets made of plastic and metal do not pass this control, but their price is too high for Russian consumer. From here it is clear that the production of wooden pallets is the most popular and profitable direction in the business of manufacturing packaging goods.

From a competition point of view, market saturation is at an average level.

The production of wooden pallets is advantageous because the cost of raw materials is low, and it is not difficult to find it

If, when manufacturing pallets, you adhere to the rules of GOST 9557–87, which impose requirements on the product that are almost identical to European quality standards, then you can rightfully call them “European pallets.” This will improve the status of the product and increase demand for them. In addition, the production of pallets requires only one type of raw material - wood, which in Russia has a relatively low cost. No need for highly qualified a large amount initial capital required to purchase an automatic line. But this problem can be solved by organizing the production of pallets at home at the first stage. An alternative solution is a bank loan.

Types of production

Abroad physical work is highly paid, so production is as automated as possible. And since in Russia the situation is diametrically opposite, assembling pallets by hand is not uncommon. The choice of method depends on the amount you are willing to invest in the business and on the sales channels you actually have.

The production of pallets can be divided into 3 types.

Homemade

Making pallets at home does not require any special equipment. It is enough to have a drill, a screwdriver, a circular saw, which you probably have in any home. You can make pallets in your room or in the garage. This method is suitable for initial stage business with virtually no investment. Subsequently, you can purchase an air hammer and a work table for assembling the pallet.

Using the table, it will be possible to comply with the necessary parameters of the product and speed up its assembly.

Low-grade boards from a sawmill can be used as raw materials. Profit will depend on the speed of your work.

Semi-automatic

In this case, semi-automatic machines are used that have metal cliches into which workers lay boards. After which the nails are driven automatically into the specified places. The cliche parameters depend on the type of pallets being manufactured. In this case, compliance with all the requirements of the standard is achieved.

Semi-automatic machines offer the optimal balance between cost and performance ideal solution for beginning entrepreneurs

List of required equipment:

• Machine for cutting checkers.
• Mini sawmill (sawing logs into boards and blanks for checkers).
• Tables for assembling pallets.
• A machine for cutting edges to the required width.

The productivity of the semi-automatic line is 1.5 units per minute at a fairly reasonable cost of 4 million rubles. To work on them, it is enough to hire a forklift driver and two operators. According to experts, this best option

for beginning entrepreneurs, since it may take quite a long time before you find regular buyers for your products.

With employees working one shift, the enterprise will pay for itself in 3 years.

Automatic

The cost of the automatic line is 10 million rubles. Its productivity is 650 units per minute. Maintenance will require 4–6 employees and 2–3 forklifts. In this case, the business will pay for itself in 2 years. The advantage of such machines is proper care behind them - in their long-term (up to 10 years) uninterrupted operation.

Room

It is best to rent a room near the sawmill to reduce the cost of delivering raw materials. The room should be divided into:

• stock;
• change house.

It is necessary to have an access road for easy transportation of finished products and electrical network to supply the line with power.

Raw materials

Boards and bars, as well as waste from woodworking production will serve feedstock for the manufacture of pallets. You can use expired pallets by purchasing them from supermarkets, shopping centers and other enterprises that accept goods on pallets. Damaged products can be repaired by replacing old boards with new ones.

Profitability

In total, the initial costs for the purchase of equipment, renovation of the premises, paperwork and preparation of raw materials will cost 5 million rubles.

One product requires 6 boards, 36 nails and 3 bars.

Table: costs for producing one pallet

You can sell a pallet for no less than 200 rubles. Thus, from one copy you will receive 77 rubles. arrived.

Based on the fact that 12 thousand pallets will be produced per month, we can calculate the profitability of production.

Table: calculation of total costs and profits

Thus, the costs of purchased equipment will be reimbursed within two years. The annual profit with 100% sales of goods will be 2,500,000 rubles.

Wooden pallet manufacturing technology

The most popular pallets are those with dimensions of 120×100×12 cm. Depending on the load-carrying capacity of the pallet, the width and thickness of its boards and the sizes of the cubes may vary. Its design consists of:

• “ski” - three boards at the base;
• checkers or bosses connecting the upper boards to the lower ones;
• three transverse boards attached to checkers;
• flooring laid across the top boards.

The meaning of this design is the ability to grab pallets with a roll-off trolley or forklift from any of the four sides, no matter from which side they approach.

In the manufacture of pallets, special coiled nails are used - ruffs, which have notches for better retention in the board. This will prevent fast loosening of fasteners and breakage of products, since pallets are often subject to impacts and falls.

Boss production

Checkers can be made from timber obtained by pressing wood waste. In this case, a separate line for the production of bosses will be required. It consists of the following machines:

1. Crushers in which wood waste is crushed.
2. Centrifugal mixer WB2, which mixes sawdust with glue.
3. A hydraulic press with the help of which the timber is formed.
4. A saw unit combined with a press that automatically cuts the timber into pieces of a given size.

Or buy ready-made sets consisting of 9 checkers. The cost of one set is 36 rubles. You can also purchase ready-made pressed timber, the price of which is approximately 6,000 rubles. per m3.

Phytosanitary treatment

Products undergo sanitary treatment according to ISPM 15 standards, confirmed by a stamp installed on their surface, as well as the name of the batch, processing method and country of origin. There are three methods of phytosanitary treatment:

1. Thermal, in which products are placed in a chamber with high temperature, destroying microorganisms. However, such equipment is expensive and, moreover, does not provide uniform heating of the chamber.
2. Drying. The most popular method. The raw materials are placed in a chamber, where they are kept at a temperature of more than 60°C and a certain humidity. Automatic sensors record these indicators and, if they reach the desired level, stop the procedure.
3. Fumigation. Products are treated with methyl bromide, which kills pests. But after this it will be impossible to use the pallets for storing food.

Sales of goods

An uninterrupted supply of pallets is needed by enterprises that use them during the production process for automatic packaging of products on a conveyor belt. In this case, they will need new pallets made in accordance with all the rules of the standard in order to eliminate tape delays and damage to goods.

The second group of buyers are companies that use pallets to move products to a warehouse and subsequently store them in this position. For example, installation company, engaged in the assembly of dimensional devices. For such enterprises, strict compliance of pallets with GOST is of secondary importance. Rather, they will pay attention to the cost of the product and give preference to the cheaper used option.

One of our readers implemented all of the ideas listed above. The company he opened, PalletTrust, produces wooden pallets of the European standard 1200x800, as well as Finnish 1200x1000. However, the project went even further - based on existing production capacity implemented full cycle for the purchase and resale of used pallets. Thus, the company covers all segments of the pallet market.

Prospects

As your business develops, you can purchase additional equipment and hire more workers. If you organize work in three shifts, the productivity of the enterprise will increase, and with it income. The relevance of this type of business will not decrease yet long years and will bring stable profits.

Video: pallet production

The demand for pallets is trending upward, and their production is not difficult. The only drawback is quite large sum initial investment. The solution to this problem can be starting with small volumes.

It is always much more profitable to engage in production than to resell finished products. The main problem with which it is important not to make a mistake is the choice of products. Today we will learn how to organize the production of wooden pallets as a business.

Wooden pallets are containers for transporting and storing a wide variety of goods. By using in various ways, the cargo is attached to the pallet. The cargo is loaded on pallets to make it easy and simple to load using special forklifts.

The use of pallets is quite wide. They are very often used for storage building materials, in supermarkets for placing goods, in warehouses and industrial enterprises.

How profitable is it to make pallets?

It should be noted that there are a number of reasons why the production of pallets as a business is a very profitable enterprise.

1. There are several reasons for this. Emerging in Lately V Russian Federation
2. production growth implies an increase in output. And any product needs packaging and loading and unloading. This is where pallets come to the rescue.
3. The production of pallets is a fairly simple process. In such production there is no need to use complex equipment and multi-component raw materials. It's quite simple.
4. The demand for wooden pallets is quite high. Moreover, the demand for these products is not subject to seasonal fluctuations.
5. Pallets are made from wood, which means there are no problems with sourcing and supplying raw materials. Wood is a fairly affordable material.

Such production does not require hiring workers with serious knowledge and skills. This presupposes the ability to hire sufficiently low-paid employees.

Registration of ownership of a business

In order for the enterprise to operate legally and not have problems with regulatory authorities, it is necessary to register ownership before starting work. This can be done in two ways:

• will take shape as individual entrepreneur;
• register a company with limited liability.

To register with the Federal Tax Service as an individual entrepreneur, you must contact the tax service at your place of registration. In this case, it is necessary to submit the following documents:

• identification document (passport) and its copy;
• a receipt for payment of the state fee for registering a citizen as an individual entrepreneur;
• a document confirming the assignment of an individual taxpayer number and a copy thereof;
• statement.

If documents are submitted not in person, but through a representative, then in addition to the listed documents, it is necessary to submit a notarized power of attorney for the right to represent the interests of the principal in the Federal Tax Service and documents identifying the representative.

Before writing an application for registration as an individual entrepreneur, you must select a taxation system and code entrepreneurial activity according to the all-Russian species classifier economic activity(OKVED). As a taxation system for the production of wooden pallets, we can recommend the use of a simplified taxation system. OKVED code is selected 20.4 - production of wooden containers.

It should be noted that documents can be submitted in several ways.

1. Directly to the branch of the Federal Tax Service at the place of registration.
2. Through the multifunctional center.
3. Through the website of the Federal Tax Service.

If you are planning large-scale production from the very beginning, then it is better to register as a limited liability company. To register a limited liability company, the following documents must be submitted to the tax service:

• application for registration of a limited liability company;
• receipt of payment of the state fee for registration of a limited liability company;
• charter of the company;
• document on the establishment of the company;
• a document confirming the presence of a legal address.

Read also: Where to begin dumpling business at home

All these documents can also be submitted in person or through a representative.

Manufacturing process

The design of pallets, regardless of their size, is the same. All pallets consist of:

• base boards;
• wooden cubes on which the upper and lower parts are supported;
• flooring directly on which the load is placed.

The structure is designed so that a forklift can drive up and lift the pallet. There is a GOST for wooden pallets with the number 9557-87. Moreover, our GOST corresponds to the European one.

If you decide to produce wooden pallets, then the main criterion for your work should be the quality of the product. If standards are violated during production and the geometry of the product is not respected, this can lead to serious problems when using the product. And this, in turn, can lead to refusal of your products and, accordingly, your losses.

Several production methods and raw materials can be used to produce quality pallets:

1. It is possible to produce pallets from scrap boards. Actually, this is waste - various leftovers, trimmings and illiquid goods. This is the most cheap option and, as a rule, the resulting product is of rather low quality. These products are made entirely by hand.
2. The next method is production, using a hammer on a pneumatic motor, using a pallet mold.
3. A semi-automatic line is one of the methods for manufacturing products. Such lines are used in small industries.
4. The process, which is fully automated, can be afforded by fairly large manufacturers. Pallets produced on such lines are of high quality and are produced in large quantities.

Which production method to choose is up to you. First of all, from the opportunity to invest money in production.

Raw materials

Even waste wood can be used to produce wooden pallets. Naturally, products made from rejected timber will be of low quality. You should understand that the higher the quality of the wood that is used for production, the higher the quality of the finished product.

It should be noted that despite the fact that the quality of the wood should be at sufficient level, its humidity is not of fundamental importance. In accordance with the standard, wood can be dried in the form of a finished product.

Production premises

If you plan to start your business at the initial stage on a small scale, then production can be organized, even in a garage. If you are planning to develop a large enterprise from the very beginning, then you should look for a large premises that will meet all the requirements. Otherwise, the subsequent move will take a lot of time, money and effort.

The premises for the production of pallets must meet a number of requirements. In particular:

• the room must be fairly dry so that finished products did not get wet, but dried if necessary;
• presence of a ventilation system;
• availability of good access roads of sufficient size for freight transport;
• The room must have a flat concrete floor.