How to prepare walls for painting: a detailed description of each stage of work. Preparing walls for painting: work order Cleaning walls before painting

Many people associate painting with something ugly. At one time, this was practically the only finishing method. Over time, new types of paints began to appear that looked more aesthetically pleasing, but the walls were not properly prepared for their use. This resulted in uneven, unsightly surfaces. How do you prepare walls for painting?

Painting is gaining popularity again and can now be seen quite often. But, unfortunately, this type of work involves ideal flat surface, which can be very difficult to achieve.

Surface preparation is carried out in several stages:

1. Cleaning the premises;
2. Removing old coating;
3. Cleaning;
4. Alignment;
5. Finishing.

First of all, you need to protect the furniture from dirt during work. Cover furniture and floors with protective film. Cover all sockets and wires with masking tape. It is better to turn off the electricity in the room altogether. The line between the floor and ceiling can also be covered with masking tape. It is necessary to remove the old coating. Paint is not applied to old paint, wallpaper or whitewash.
You can remove a thin layer using a soap solution and a spatula. The solution is applied to the wall, after which you need to wait a little until it is absorbed. After this, the whitewash is carefully removed with a spatula. You need to press firmly, but do not damage the wall.

If the layer is thick, then a sanding machine can help. There will be a lot of dirt, so you need to work in special clothing, with a respirator and goggles for protection.
If you don’t have a machine, you can make a paste. The composition is applied to the wall and then turns into a crust that is easy to peel off. Paste can be made from flour and water.
The most radical method is an acid solution. The acid is diluted in water and applied to the wall. It will simply corrode the coating. After this, the wall must be thoroughly washed several times. Paint can only be removed using a special solution, which can be purchased at any hardware store.

Different types of wallpaper can be removed in different ways. First of all, just try to pry them with something sharp. They can easily move away. If this does not happen, then you need to use other methods. Paper wallpaper needs to be soaked. Spray them with warm soapy water and wait 15-20 minutes for them to absorb water, and then pick them out with a spatula. It's easier to use a spray bottle, but you can wet the surface with a sponge.
If they don't give in, you can try using a brush.
If time is valuable to you, you can buy a special solvent. It is applied to the surface and remains on it for 15 minutes. The wallpaper will begin to peel off on its own.
You can also remove it using an iron. A wet cloth is placed on the surface and heated with an iron. The resulting steam will soften the glue while the surface is hot and the wallpaper can be easily removed.

Waterproof wallpaper does not allow water to pass through. Therefore, before removing them, make small cuts in the canvas so that water can reach the glue. If your glue is waterproof, then you can only remove it with a drill or grinder. After removing the old finish, the wall must be thoroughly washed several times. If there are stains on it, you need to get rid of them. Fat is removed with kerosene or ammonia.
Mold and mildew must also be removed. This can be achieved using soda, vinegar, and bleach. Simply wipe the affected area with vinegar. You can sprinkle it with baking soda first. Now wash the wall again.

Wall finishing for painting

Inspect your walls carefully for defects. The old plaster does not need to be removed if it does not crumble. If the wall crumbles, then it must be removed.

Primer

A primer must be applied. It protects your walls from mold and mildew and allows the material to adhere better. Use a deep penetration compound. The primer is applied with a roller.
To avoid leaving marks, buy a roller with long nap. Depending on how well the base coating absorbs, the primer is applied in several layers.

Applying a new layer is possible only after the previous one has dried. The manufacturer indicates the timing in the instructions.

Plaster

When working with plaster, special beacons are first installed on the wall. Using a trowel, the composition is applied to areas separated by beacons. Leveling the surface during work occurs using a special tool - the rule. It will also remove excess mixture. After covering the entire wall, the beacons are removed and the holes are sealed.

putty

Putty is used to level walls. Apply it in several layers, and then rub it with sandpaper or a grinding machine. In the process you will need a narrow and wide spatula. The composition is scooped up using a narrow one and distributed over a wide one.
Correctly hold the spatula at an angle of 45 degrees when applying. The layer should be thick. The finishing putty is applied in the same way after the starting putty has dried, but the layer thickness is only 1-2 mm. Grouting occurs after complete setting and drying. Move the machine or sandpaper in a circular motion across the surface of the wall. There shouldn't be any rough spots left.

Preparation of wooden surfaces

In a private house, the walls are most often wooden. They also need to be prepared before painting. First, a primer layer is applied to the wood. This is done to protect the tree. Then the wood is sanded and all small fibers are removed.
Clean the surface and reapply a coat of primer.

It is better to do this in several layers, since wood absorbs everything very well.

Wood is puttied, just like a concrete surface. All cracks and crevices are sealed with the compound. All resin must be removed immediately. Treat its locations with shellac primer.

Preparing a plasterboard wall

Although gypsum board sheets are used for leveling, this helps against large dents. The very surface of the sheets also needs to be pre-treated before painting. Treat the seams between the sheets with putty. After this, the composition is completely applied to the surface.
Unevenness can be removed using sandpaper. Use coarse grain first and then fine grain. Then treat the surface with a primer. This will increase adhesion and save on paint. After this, a finishing layer of putty is applied and rubbed until a smooth surface is formed.

Painted walls in an apartment or cottage are becoming more and more common. Our article will discuss how to prepare walls for painting.

There are many advantages to this finishing method:

• hygiene;
• modern look;
• ease of restoration of individual areas;
• the widest range of colors and shades.

There is only one drawback, if you can call it that: preparing walls for painting must be done extremely carefully. Unlike wallpaper, which masks putty defects, painting, on the contrary, reveals any roughness. The preparation technology is relatively simple; you just need to follow the order of work.

Preparing walls for painting consists of five main stages:

1. Removing old coating.
2. Primer.
3. Starting putty.
4. Sanding and priming.

Considering that the quality preparatory work extremely important, many invite hired craftsmen to perform them. However, using modern materials and, having first thoroughly studied the technology, it is quite possible to prepare the walls for painting yourself.

Dismantling the old coating

If the walls in the apartment are covered with paint or wallpaper, you need to completely remove the old layer. The wallpaper is removed by generously wetting its surface with soapy warm water using a sponge, and then removing it in strips with a spatula. Old paint is sometimes real problem, since it happens that in some places it swells and bubbles, falling off when touched, and in others it sticks tightly. But you still need to remove the entire layer, since the putty will not attach to the paint surface and it will not be possible to level the wall. It is necessary to work in a respirator and safety glasses. After removing the decorative layer, you should evaluate the quality of the plaster. To do this, you need to listen carefully and tap it with the handle of a spatula. In places where a layer of plaster has moved away from the wall due to dampness or a violation of the work technology, the sound will change. In such areas you need to fight off old plaster, in order to subsequently fill the unevenness with starting putty.

If the walls in the apartment are concrete, plastered or lined with plasterboard, you can immediately begin priming.

Primer

Choosing the right primer is very important. This mortar promotes strong adhesion between the wall surface and the starting putty layer.

Types of preparations for priming walls

Which primer composition is suitable in each specific case depends on the condition of the wall surface. Depending on the functions performed by the composition, the following types of primers can be listed:

• primer-strengthening, improve the adhesion of the putty to the base, strengthen it and form a durable vapor-permeable film;
• primer paints based on acrylic and latex resins, most often used to prepare the base for decorative work;
• solvent-based primers - penetrate deeply into the plaster, create a durable waterproof layer and effectively remove dust from the surface.

Also produced primers with fungicidal and antiseptic additives that are used in wet areas, where mold has already been noticed during operation.

The primer solution is applied to the wall surface to be treated with a roller or brush, thoroughly wetting all areas. There should be no dry spots left. Dry the primer for at least five hours, depending on the ambient temperature.

Starting putty

Why do you need starting putty anyway? It may seem that if the wall surface is fairly smooth (high-quality plaster or drywall), then this step can be skipped and immediately proceed to the finishing putty. However, this is not true. The surface of plaster and drywall is not intended for direct application of paint, nor for adhesion to finishing putty.

Therefore, it is necessary to apply a starting layer of minimum thickness to protect the wall surface and ensure adhesion to the next layer.

The industry produces materials for preparing walls for painting in the form of dry building mixtures, which, after being applied to the wall in two stages, allows you to obtain a flat, smooth surface, ready for treatment with water-based paint. Blend for initial stage putty is called starting putty. It has a rough structure and can be applied to the wall in a layer of 20-30 mm. If the layer is thicker, it needs to be reinforced with a special mesh. Such reinforcement is performed with strips of mesh, with obligatory overlap.

It is always better to apply several thin coats than one thicker one. The task of the starting putty is to level out all the unevenness of the wall. In the case of large irregularities of slight curvature, bulges or depressions of a significant area, experienced plasterers, applying a long rule to the wall, determine the boundaries of such irregularities and outline them with a carpenter's pencil in order to understand where the layer of starting putty should be thicker and a reinforcing mesh may be needed.

The amount of material to purchase from a hardware store is determined by the formula:

• 0.8-0.9 kg per 1 sq.m of surface, if the walls are almost flat;
• 1-3 kg per sq.m, if the walls have many small defects;
• 4-6 kg per sq.m, if there are gentle depressions and convexities of slight curvature, medium area;
• 7-9 kg per sq.m., if the walls have many large defects and large curvature.

How to prepare a putty solution with your own hands? To do this you will need a dry mixture for starting putty, water room temperature, a mixing container and a drill with an attachment, which is sometimes called a “construction mixer”.

In accordance with the instructions on the packaging, the dry mixture is measured and pure water. Then you need to gradually pour water into the mixture, adjusting its quantity, and thoroughly mixing the solution with a construction mixer.

The starting putty is applied to the surface with a wide spatula, trying to fill all the unevenness. At this stage, you should not get carried away with excessive leveling of the solution. The sagging will be removed during intermediate grinding; the main task is to fill all the depressions and make the surface on average smooth. It is advisable to use the putty solution within 45-60 minutes, since after this time it thickens and is no longer suitable for work.

After leveling all surfaces, the layer is left to dry. Under no circumstances should subsequent layers be allowed to be applied over wet putty!

The dried layer is leveled with a spatula, removing rough deposits, and then thoroughly primed.

It is always better to choose a material for the finishing putty from the same manufacturer as for the starting putty. The material consumption for this stage of work is small if the initial work was carried out efficiently: on average, 0.5-1 kg per sq. m.

For walls to be painted, you only need to buy a finishing mixture white, otherwise you may need 2-3 more layers of paint than planned.

The putty solution is prepared in the same way as in the previous step. The result is a plastic, smooth mixture that is easy to apply, “stretches” well under a spatula and fills in the smallest unevenness of the previous layer.

Using a wide spatula, level the solution over the surface, while trying not to leave sagging or streaks from the spatula. The finishing putty, performed by an experienced craftsman, requires almost no sanding. The less sanding required at the last stage, the less dust will settle in the room and the stronger the finish will be.

The finishing layer should be quite thin and smooth, since it is necessary, at the same time, to prepare the walls for final painting and to ensure strong adhesion to the previous layer.

The solution should be used up within 45-60 minutes, otherwise it will thicken, seize, and will not reach for the spatula, but will clump like plasticine. Considering that finishing putty requires great care and cannot be done quickly, especially by a beginner, you should not mix too large portions of the solution.

Just like in the previous case, it is better to apply several thin layers than one thick one.

Sanding and priming

How to prepare leveled walls for painting?

After complete drying, the surface of the wall is carefully sanded. It is better to do this work using a special grinder, which can be rented at a construction power tool rental. A respirator and safety glasses are required. The finest sandpaper or mesh is used.

Then the walls are dusted and primed. At this stage it is advisable to use a waterproof primer. This is required so that the brush or roller with paint does not damage the surface layer of the finishing putty or soak it. Otherwise, streaks and spots may appear. The primer should be done extremely carefully, avoiding dry areas and not over-wetting the surface. After drying, the wall will be ready for painting.

If you want to achieve comfort in own home, then you can’t do without repairs. There are a number of rooms where painting the walls is the only possible option. However, using modern paints You can paint any room and achieve amazing results.

In order for your walls to please you with beauty, it is important that they are perfectly even, which is quite difficult to achieve without knowing the right technology works

Pros and cons of painting

When planning renovations in any of the rooms of your house, you must decide in advance what exactly you want to see there: glue wallpaper, lay tiles or steal walls. The paint option has both its pros and cons, and you have the right to decide what to look for when choosing.

The advantages of painting are:

• Positive effect on the indoor microclimate. Walls that are properly prepared for painting are usually primed and treated with an antiseptic, which in turn prevents fungi from developing and other microorganisms from multiplying. All pits and cracks must be removed from the surface, which means there will be no place for harmful microbes to develop;
• Speed ​​and low cost of the procedure. If you have normal, smooth walls and you just want to refresh the color, then within just a few hours you will get the finished result, without extra costs;

• Ease of use. Painted walls are easy to clean; they can be quickly washed, removing traces of children’s creativity, food stains in the kitchen, dirt from shoes in the hallway and more;
• Safety. Painted walls will never interest pets, they will not scratch it like wallpaper, they will not stain it irrevocably with paws from the street, because the coating will retain its original appearance;
• Variability. Since there is now a huge range of paint and varnish products on the market, using different colors, textures and surfaces, you can come up with the most unique and inimitable decor for any room.

Of the minuses, there are also a number of important aspects that you should pay attention to when choosing materials for decorating walls in a room.

The following disadvantages are identified:

• Preparing the walls. If you have problematic walls, then before painting them, you need to carry out a series of preparatory work, which will require the ability to work with different tools and surfaces;
• Process Features. For a person without experience, painting walls is a lot of work, because it is important not just to apply paint to the wall, but to do it correctly in order to get the desired result;

If you can’t do it yourself, you need to call professionals, whose services are quite expensive.

• Caring for painted walls. After the surface of the walls has been painted, it is important to wash it regularly to remove all small dust particles. Paints with a glossy surface do not require as much maintenance;
• Fortress. Any walls, especially painted ones, will not withstand mechanical impact, any strong impacts will cause cracks and the paint will begin to peel off the surface;
• Design. If you want to have not just plain walls at home, but interesting drawing or texture, it is better to use the services of a designer and painter, because without experience it is simply impossible to achieve the beauty and quality of the surface.

Almost any room in the apartment can be painted, but it is important to use this type of coating correctly. Each room has its own functional purpose, and therefore the selection of finishing material must be appropriate.

The paint is most suitable for bathrooms and toilets, partly it can be used in the kitchen. The design of the hall will not be complete without painting the walls in different colors, usage different designs and textures.

Surface preparation steps

To prepare the walls for application new paint, it is important to carry out a number of works. It is important to remove all excess from the surface so that it is completely clean.. There should be no old wallpaper, paint, whitewash, tiles or dirt stains left on the wall. Each option has its own way to quickly and effectively remove unwanted coating.

If we are talking about wallpaper, then in order to remove it without much effort, you need to thoroughly wet the wall where it is pasted and wait until the paper begins to swell. After this they are much easier to remove. The work is best done using a medium-sized spatula.

If there are areas where the surface is not completely cleaned, it is important to carry out the same steps again; under the influence of water, the wallpaper will still come off the wall.

A more complex process awaits when manually removing paint from walls. In order for the process to proceed quickly and as efficiently as possible, you need to follow not only the order of work, but also have the appropriate equipment.

One option involves using a drill with a special attachment with abrasive bristles, or using a grinder. This option will completely remove the old paint, but will create a terrible mess of dirt and dust around.

If you do decide to work this way, it is very important to prepare a respirator or other mask and goggles to protect your eyes and respiratory organs from small particles.

For those who want a cleaner paint removal option suitable for construction hairdryer With its help, it will be possible to warm up the wall in individual areas and remove the paint. As soon as the surface begins to bubble, you should remove the hairdryer and get to work. scraping paint from the wall. The faster you do this, the easier it will be for the coating to come off.. Working in this mode is not easy, especially if the room is large.

Another disadvantage will be the high energy consumption, which will hit your pocket hard.

If you want to try something different, you can use a blowtorch, but it is important to know and follow the rules fire safety, because the work will be done with open fire. In this case, it is important to remember that Painted wooden surfaces should never be treated with a blowtorch..

If you are painting a wall with water-based paint on the same surface, then you can do without preliminary work if the wall is smooth, has no cracks or any other factors that would prevent you from applying a fresh new coat of paint.

Wall alignment

In order to be able to paint the wall of any room in your home, it is important to make its surface perfectly flat. There are two options for this: using drywall or using dry mixtures that are diluted with water and applied to the surface.

It is easier to prepare a wall using drywall, but it is much more expensive and “eats up” centimeters usable area. Therefore, if you have normal walls that need minor adjustments, you should not resort to this option. The method is appropriate only when the surface of the walls is so uneven, then the amount of effort expended on its leveling and the materials spent exceeds the cost of the plasterboard.

For other cases, it will be enough to prepare the necessary solution and carry out work to level the surface. To prepare required quantity mixture, it is important to first correctly assess the unevenness of the walls, then prepare the wall itself and level it using plaster, and then putty.

It is important to remember that after any stage of preparatory work for painting, you need to prime the wall, wait until it dries and continue further.

Using drywall

If you decide to work with drywall, then you need to know that there are two options for attaching sheets, on a frame and without a frame.

The frame method involves the use of metal or wooden elements, which together create a structure to which sheets of drywall are screwed. With this option, you do not need to do any preparatory work on the wall surface, but it is important to check that it is completely dry.

Frameless method - alignment occurs by gluing the sheet onto the wall itself using special glue.

• If uneven places and level differences are small and do not exceed 4 mm, then gypsum putty is used, which must be applied in longitudinal lines over the entire sheet.
• If the unevenness reaches up to 2 cm, then you need to use drywall glue, applying it to the desired areas of the wall - 30 cm from each other.
• If the differences reach 4 cm, then strips of plasterboard are glued to the wall, after which the sheet itself is attached.

The surface of the wall must be cleaned of dust, dirt, grease stains, and in wet areas the process of drying the surface must be carried out. If there is a risk of moisture absorbing into the wall, it is best to coat it with a primer, which will also increase the adhesion of concrete surfaces.

The leveling technology in this way is carried out in several stages:

• Inspecting the wall and studying its level differences and flaws using a building level;
• Based on the results, a choice is made of the means by which the sheet will be glued to the wall surface;
• Marking the wall to be leveled;
• Preparing drywall for installation, cutting holes for electricity and light.

After the sheets are installed on the surface, it is necessary to continue preparatory work for painting. The next step will be putty. The seams must be filled using a special Fugen putty; after it has dried, the joints of the corners of the room are pasted over with a special mesh, without which cracking of the materials cannot be avoided.

Once the mesh is secured, use a wide spatula to spread a new layer of putty directly over the mesh. In those places where the sheets were fastened with self-tapping screws, you need to use a narrow trellis to fill the resulting holes from the caps. When working with corners, it is important to maintain order, working on each side in turn.

Before one dries, you should not start working on the other side of the corner.

When the preparatory part of the work is completed, the initial finishing of the entire sheet of drywall begins with the help of starting putty and wait until it is completely dry.

The next step is to grout the surface before the next layer. After this, a layer of plaster is applied again, and after drying, the surface is sanded until smooth.

The last stage is application finishing putty and grinding. As soon as the dust has settled and been removed, and the wall has completely dried, the surface is ready for painting..

If your walls are more or less even, then there is no need to use drywall, you can simply level the necessary places and remove imperfections on the surface.

• To level concrete walls where the difference does not exceed 5 mm, you can only use putty. For a brick wall, the scope of work will be approximately the same, but it all depends on the magnitude of the difference.
• If the difference in surface heights reaches 3 cm, then initially it is better to plaster the wall and then putty.
• If the difference is more than 3 cm, then you need to plaster the masonry using a reinforced mesh, and in order to completely level it, you need to use putty.

Use of dry mixtures

Repairing a room and preparing its walls for painting is not an easy task and not everyone can do it with their own hands, but if you approach the work correctly, the result will be pleasing.

The first step is to carry out preparatory manipulations with the walls so that they can be prepared for painting; for this you will need to remove the old layer that was there initially, disassemble the communications, get rid of greasy and dirty stains, and apply a layer of primer.

To properly plaster a wall, you need to install beacons and work on them. These can be planks, slats or profiles. Then we prepare the solution and use a spatula to throw it on the wall near the lighthouses. Using a long spatula, the process of leveling the mixture from top to bottom is carried out. The excess mixture is removed, and the voids are additionally filled and everything is smoothed out again. When the work is finished, you need to remove the beacons and level the place where they were. The time for complete drying of the plaster ranges up to two weeks.

In order to achieve a perfectly flat surface, it is necessary to apply a starting putty and then a finishing putty to the plastered walls. You can use a universal one and not have to take two different mixtures. The putty is applied in small portions and leveled using circular movements with the correct angle of inclination. When the layer has been leveled, it must be thoroughly dried. Afterwards, the wall is sanded using sandpaper and another layer of primer is applied. When it dries, the finishing putty is applied.

Plastered surfaces are thoroughly cleaned of dusty and dirty areas, primed and then painted.

You can use fiberglass to protect the surface from cracking and any other damage. Fiberglass is glued to finished wall, leveled and puttied, after which you can paint the surface, thereby obtaining an interesting texture. If you want completely smooth walls, then you will need additional finishing with putty, after which all irregularities must be cleaned.

It is no longer necessary to prime the surface; this has been done previously.

Plaster

In order to prepare walls for painting, it is important to choose the right tools and materials.

Plaster has options such as:

• plaster;
• cement;
• lime-cement;
• clay.

The most common is the use of the first two options.

Gypsum solutions are easy to apply, it is flexible and does not shrink. Another advantage is environmental friendliness and Fire safety. The mixture grabs quickly, which will be a plus for some and a minus for others.

Cement plaster remains elastic for two or more hours, so it can be done immediately a large number of mixtures. It can be applied to any surface, but may shrink and takes longer to dry. A plus is the low cost.

The gypsum version is used for internal robots, as it allows you to create a perfectly flat surface, and cement-sand mortar used for street work, the presence of sand does not allow the surface to be made without roughness. You can paint any of the options.

But it is worth considering:

• gypsum plaster will have a smooth surface;
• cement - moisture resistant.

putty

When planning the finishing of a room both inside and outside, the most important thing is to use putty. From her the right choice and the result of the entire repair will depend.

There are mixture options for internal and external works, in addition, it is divided into three more groups:

• Starting– the structure is rough, the particles are large. Necessary for removing large defects on the surface. The maximum layer can be up to twenty centimeters.
• Finish– fine-grained structure. After the material dries, you can get a completely flat surface. Apply both to the starting putty and to the surface itself.
• Universal– already has finished look fine-grained dispersion solution. Its base is polymer. Can be used both as a starting and finishing putty.

At one time, everyone associated painted surfaces with creepy, crooked walls covered with a layer of gloomy shade oil paint. They looked equally unpleasant both in apartments and in residential premises. Apartment owners tried to get rid of this “beauty” by any means possible, gluing wallpaper and foam film onto dirty green and poisonous blue surfaces, and those who were especially skilled simply stuffed lining on them. Then, already in the early nineties, when previously unseen and unknown to Soviet people began to appear in stores Construction Materials, many people began to paint walls with water-based paint of different colors. It was fashionable and prestigious; almost every second person believed that only such decoration would make the interior of an apartment or house richer. True, such a question as proper preparation of walls for painting with water-based paint was not particularly considered. And therefore the result was not always what we wanted. And gradually they began to abandon this type of finishing, especially since previously unseen vinyl and non-woven wallpapers of extraordinary beauty and outlandish colors appeared on store shelves. Strictly speaking, what is this little excursion for? And to the fact that on this moment coloring is becoming popular again. Moreover, in a completely different form, since it is carried out using the latest materials and use modern technologies. And if such a type is planned to be held in the room finishing works, as surface preparation is the main and determining stage. And it is this process that the entire subsequent text will be devoted to. We will try to tell you in as much detail as possible about what the Work Procedure is, all the nuances of their implementation and useful tips specialists - read about all this below.

Types of surfaces to be painted

So, what walls can be finished this way? In principle, almost any. But, from a professional point of view, at the moment it is advisable to paint: puttied or well-plastered surfaces, a base made of fiberglass material intended for this purpose, etc.), textured and relief plaster, drywall prepared accordingly.

Depending on the surface to be finished, the walls are prepared for painting. Some stages are typical for each type of work, while others in one case or another are either not used at all or are combined with each other.

The procedure for preparing walls for painting

This is usually a step-by-step process. First, the surface must be prepared. Then level it with either plaster or drywall. After this, finishing is carried out either with putty or decorative plaster. There is also an option such as sticking paintable wallpaper or fiberglass onto already plastered walls. Both of these procedures also apply to finishing. Below is a detailed description of what preparation of walls before painting involves in each case.

Let's start with the preparatory procedures, which, as a rule, are almost the same in all cases.

Preliminary work

Preparing walls for painting requires a very careful approach. And we must approach the issue with all responsibility, because the final result depends entirely on this. So, the walls must first be cleaned of old types of decoration. If it is wallpaper, it needs to be removed, and completely. If it is oil paint and water-based, you also need to get rid of it, not to mention whitewashing. After this, it is necessary to conduct a thorough inspection of the walls. First of all, check their integrity. If they were previously plastered, the layer of mortar is strong and adheres well to the wall - excellent. If there are places where it literally shakes, they need to be cleaned and the defects repaired with fresh solution. If more than 40 percent of the surface is damaged, it is recommended not to waste time and completely remove all old plaster from the wall.

As soon as you think you have solid foundation, you can start priming it.

A small retreat

Interesting feature repair work- this is that sometimes the preparation process takes almost more time than the entire subsequent procedure. Sometimes with some walls paper wallpaper you have to remove literally a millimeter at a time, and what can we say about how difficult the procedure for removing oil paint is. Therefore, before continuing the conversation about how after preparatory stage preparing walls for painting, we would like to give some tips from experienced craftsmen. Perhaps they will help someone quickly cope with dirty and hard work.

How to remove wallpaper

Never remove old wallpaper, unless, of course, it falls off the wall itself when dry. When the paper is firmly stuck to the plaster, it can sometimes only be removed together with the base itself. Therefore, arm yourself with a bucket of warm water and a brush (not a roller!) and begin to wet the wall. And not once or twice, but literally almost every 15 minutes. Believe me, your hard work will be rewarded. At some point, the wallpaper will begin to bubble and come off the wall. All you have to do is help them a little with this.

How to get rid of paint

It is not advisable to try to remove paint from a wall with a small putty knife. It’s better to immediately take a drill with an attachment designed specifically for these purposes and work with this tool. The only thing you can try is to remove not quite high-quality water-based paint with a sponge moistened with water. However, if you have large surfaces to prepare, you can imagine how many walls you will have to wash.

Proper priming

Never, despite the advice of some, apply primer with a roller. Most of it will end up on the floor, which, by the way, will be quite difficult to clean later from the dried composition. The best option- a spray gun, at least a portable one. If it is not there, work with a brush. This is the only way you can really prepare the base efficiently and ensure the penetration of the primer into its inner layers.

Next stage

If the original wall is smooth, the plaster on it has been preserved, the defects have been repaired, you can begin finishing. What it will be - puttying or covering the surface with decorative plaster - depends on the type of work chosen. In any case, smooth walls can already be prepared for painting. It’s another matter if they are so crooked that it is almost impossible to cope with them. In this case, it is more advisable to pay attention to drywall. Using it you can level the surface quite simply and quickly. True, then it will also have to be prepared for painting, but we will talk about this below.

If you have removed all the old plaster, and in front of you is bare concrete or Brick wall, you'll have to level it plaster mortar using beacons. This is the most effective method that allows you to end up with a truly flat surface.

If drywall was selected

We will not talk about how to install gypsum boards on walls. This is not our task. But it is necessary to say a few words about what it means to prepare plasterboard walls for painting. The thing is that neither wallpaper nor the coloring composition is applied directly to the gypsum board. They must first be puttied, thoroughly cleaned and primed, and only then painted.

Puttying process

Perhaps this is the most difficult procedure that a master who prepares walls for painting needs to carry out. The fact is that the surface should not only be flat, but also perfectly smooth. The slightest defect, the slightest scratch will be visible after the paint has dried. And to achieve this, the procedure must be carried out in two stages. First, a rough layer is applied, the first one. After it has dried thoroughly, you should go over it with a mesh or sandpaper to smooth out all the unevenness. And then prime it thoroughly and wait until it dries again. And only then apply a thin finishing layer of putty, which will completely cover the existing defects. In the same case, if there are any minor irregularities, they can be carefully covered, then the entire surface can be cleaned again and primed. After which, after a day, you are allowed to start painting.

Nuances

If walls are being prepared for wallpaper for painting, then in this case it makes no sense to achieve an ideal surface. Yes, it should be even, fairly smooth, but it may have minor defects. The main thing is to get a really solid foundation. Wallpaper itself for painting, as a rule, is always corrugated, and therefore all kinds of scratches will simply hide under them. The only rule that must be followed is that during puttying it is not recommended to leave areas with a thin layer of putty through which the plaster can be seen. The whole process must be carried out with the same care that is required in preparing walls for painting without wallpaper. You just don't have to worry about minor defects. They will not be visible. Otherwise there are no differences. The final putty coating is cleaned and covered with primer. After it has dried, you can start gluing the wallpaper. They are allowed to be painted no earlier than at least four days after pasting. Give them time to dry. Otherwise, eventually, under the influence of paint, they will begin to get wet and peel off from the wall.

There is one more issue that cannot be ignored when it comes to the use of a material such as fiberglass. Professionals call it painting fiberglass. More about him later.

Fiberglass

What is it for? And in order to make the surface perfectly smooth and protect it from cracks. And then the walls covered with painting fiberglass will delight you with magnificent views for a long time. appearance, since they are not afraid of any shrinkage or temperature changes, because all defects that appear on the surface will be hidden under the fiberglass. By the way, the latter can be both corrugated and quite thick, and very thin, literally translucent fabric. It is also called cobweb. It is this variety that is most popular, since, firstly, such fiberglass costs literally pennies, and secondly, it is easier to work with.

And a few words about the process itself. First the wall is plastered. It is enough to apply only one rough coat. Then it must be cleaned and primed. And stick the web with special glue. You can also take the composition for non-woven wallpaper. After drying, the fiberglass is puttied again with a very thin layer, and this procedure is very simple and quick. After priming you can

And about textured plaster

If walls are being prepared for painting decorative plaster, then such a procedure as puttying is not required at all. The textured solution is applied directly to the prepared rough base, after drying it is primed and then painted.

Preparing walls for painting is an important and responsible procedure, without which it is impossible to create a high-quality finishing coating. main feature paint applied to the surface of the walls - the ability to show the slightest defects existing on it. These could be scratches or irregularities that were not removed during the puttying and sanding process. Knowing how to prepare walls for painting with water-based paint, you can avoid additional physical and material costs, save effort and time spent on finishing work.

Features of manipulations

How the walls will be prepared for painting depends on the quality of the material for constructing the walls. If we are talking about wooden structure, then the wood will need to be thoroughly sanded. To achieve a positive result in the most short time When performing work, you will need a grinding machine, with which you can eliminate all defects that exist on the surface of the wood. After sanding is completed, it is necessary to impregnate the wood with special compounds that provide effective protection of the surface from moisture, insects, fungus, and mold.

When performing all work related to preparing walls for painting, their order is strictly observed. In addition, a thorough cleaning of the surface from dirt and dust is required.

When preparing walls for painting, you must first get rid of the previous finishing coating by removing it from the surface. Further repairs in the premises require preparation concrete walls for painting.

This difficulty is caused by the need to perform plastering, with which the walls can be leveled. Only after this is it possible to begin applying several layers of putty mixture.

Special compositions have been developed and created for each surface, most of which are characterized by deep penetration. This processing allows for reliable protection walls before painting. This must be done before plastering, then the walls are primed before applying putty, and the walls in the apartment must be treated again immediately before painting.

For these works, a paintable wall primer is used, designed not only to protect the surface from fungus and mold, but also to create an ideal surface for painting.

Removing the previous coating and priming

Repair is not only about replacing the finishing coating on the floor and walls of a room. Repairs require careful preparation of all surfaces. So, for example, when preparing walls for painting you need to:

1. Clean it of old wallpaper, tiles, panels or paint.
2. Eliminate detected defects, and if necessary, remove damaged plaster and create a new coating.
3. If, in accordance with the design project or at the request of the owner of the residential premises, renovations in the apartment do not involve thorough puttying, and the planned finishing requires painting on the plaster, then care must be taken to thoroughly prepare the surface to avoid waste of paint due to significant absorption coloring composition into plastered walls.
4. Decoration of walls made from concrete slabs- this is, first of all, a high-quality putty, when the composition is applied in several layers. To create the latter, a special mixture with the addition of quartz mica is used.

You need to remove old wallpaper from the walls by first wetting it with warm water with the addition of a small amount detergent. This composition will help to remove the canvas without using spatulas or a wallpaper knife and without damaging the surface of the walls. The roller needs to be soaked in the composition and the canvases should be rolled one by one on the walls, generously wetting them with the warm mixture.

If the planned repairs and the chosen finish involve painting with water-based compounds, then after wallpapering you need to properly prepare the walls for painting, strictly following all the rules and stages of work. The cleaned surface must be primed using specially created compounds characterized by deep penetration. This will help:

• strengthen the surface;
• avoid cracking;
• achieve high adhesion.

Repair and high quality finish require that all stages of wall preparation be followed and carried out. Otherwise, the created finishing coating will not be durable, and very soon cracking (a thin network of small cracks) will be noticeable on the wall surface that is not prepared for painting with water-based paint.

Sanding, plastering, puttying

Concrete walls are characterized by increased strength, but another feature of such a surface is its evenness. If defects in the form of small depressions or protrusions are found on such walls, it is necessary to get rid of them by grinding and puttying. The smallest bumps can be knocked off with a hammer (pick), but grinding is included mandatory procedures included in the preparation of walls for painting.

Whatever the surface of the walls in the apartment (concrete, brick, plasterboard), preparing the walls for painting with water-based paint requires mandatory puttying. During the work, it is necessary to correctly select the most suitable mixture (ready-made or dry) and a tool that will make it easier to level the surface. We are talking about spatulas with a length of at least 45 cm and a trowel. In addition you will need:

• level 2 m with spirit level;
• rule;
• spatula 10 cm for scooping the mixture.

Working with such compositions is simple and convenient. Applying them to the surface and distributing them over it does not require much physical effort. All manipulations can be performed with a 45-60 cm trowel or spatula. The quality of the created surface is checked by applying a rule and a two-meter level to the wall.

The putty is applied in three layers: the first base, starting, second leveling and third finishing. Each has a certain thickness and is made with a specially created composition. This is a mandatory stage of work related to preparing walls for painting with water-based paint. It is this that ensures the uniform distribution of the paint composition over the wall surface.

Using putty you can eliminate minor defects even on a plastered surface. These may be small gaps and cracks, depressions no more than 3 mm deep, but even if plasterboard was used to level the walls, it will not be possible to prepare the walls for painting without putty.

It is the putty that fills the seams and seals the joints between the fixed sheets.

Sanding and painting

The preparation of walls for painting can only be considered complete if, after the putty has completely dried, the surface has been treated with sandpaper or a special mesh. Sanding the walls is necessary in order to eliminate possible unevenness, transitions, and hide the junction of different layers of the composition.

Peculiarity water-based paint is that the first applied layer of paint will reveal all the defects and shortcomings in the quality of the preparatory work. Even misuse abrasive materials during the sanding process will result in barely noticeable scratches remaining on the putty surface, which will appear after applying the first layer of paint. The result of such work is not only a flat and absolutely smooth surface, but also a large amount of dust accumulated on it.

Priming will help prevent paint from rolling off and ensure its even distribution over the surface of the wall to be painted. At the final stage of preparing and finishing the walls, the primer is applied in two layers to reduce the porosity of the material and increase adhesion. Apply the primer in several layers, with each subsequent one no earlier than 4-5 hours after the previous one. Only after waiting for the surface to dry completely can you begin re-processing. The resulting thin but quite durable film will help to significantly reduce paint consumption and facilitate the process of applying water-based emulsion.

Another positive quality primers - the ability to ensure the uniformity of the applied paint. Most primer mixtures contain antiseptic additives that guarantee effective protection of the surface from the appearance of fungus and subsequent mold growth.

The process of preparing walls for painting is presented in more detail in the video.

Work to prepare the wall surface for painting must fully comply with the established procedure. All stages are important and mandatory, and for their high-quality implementation it is necessary to use construction and electrical tools.