Which regions are included in the Southern Federal District? Southern Federal District: its composition and significance

Southern federal district- this is one of the components Russian Federation, if I may say so. It is interesting that for some time (to be more precise, from 05/13/2000 to 06/21/2000) it was called the North Caucasus Federal District. But, as you can see, this did not last long - a little more than a month. Then, however, on January 19, 2010, the North Caucasus Federal District was separated from the Southern Federal District. But this is a slightly different topic.

general information

The Southern Federal District is the smallest in all of Russia. Its area is 447,821 sq.m. - this is only 2.61% of the notorious North Caucasus Federal District (170,439 km²). For comparison, the Siberian Federal District has an area of ​​5,145,000 km². Although it includes only 12 subjects. But the Krasnoyarsk Territory alone occupies 2,366,797 km².

So, the Southern Federal District includes 8 subjects. And its population is 16,367,949 people, according to the latest statistics. This is about 11.17%. The average density is low - 36.5 people per square kilometer. By the way, the center of the Federal District is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Compound

Which cities the Southern Federal District includes should be noted with special attention. The Southern Federal District has a small composition. As mentioned above, there are only 8 subjects.

The smallest in area is the hero city of Sevastopol. Total 864 km². It is home to about 420,000 people. This city is good for many things, but the most important thing is that it is where the main naval base is located. Black Sea Fleet Russian Navy.

The Republic of Adygea, located as if inside Krasnodar region, has an area of ​​7,800 km². A special feature of this region is its forest resources. They occupy more than 1/3 of the entire republic. There are also a lot of mineral resources concentrated here.

Is not different large sizes and Crimea - about 27,000 km². But it’s more than twice as big as it. Its area is 49,024 km². rich in deserts used as pastures. serves as a spawning ground for beluga, stellate sturgeon and sturgeon.

The next largest republic in terms of area is Elista. Interestingly, in this region official language is not only Russian. But also Kalmyk (at the legislative level).

And the largest three regions are the Krasnodar region, the Rostov region and the Volgograd region.

Economy

The Southern Federal District attracts tens of thousands of tourists every year. Because it includes the Krasnodar Territory and Crimea. And these are regions rich in resorts. Sochi, Tuapse, Gelendzhik, Anapa, Sevastopol, Yalta - for the economy of these cities (and, accordingly, the entire district), the most profitable time is the end of spring, summer and beginning of autumn. This is the specificity of the climate; it is at this time that there is no end to visitors in the resort areas of the Southern Federal District.

But besides tourism industry, the agro-industrial and transport complexes, as well as trade, are still well developed here. True, this is not the case throughout the entire district. Transport complexes interregional and international significance, for example, are concentrated in the Astrakhan region and the notorious Krasnodar region.

Production percentage

But these are not all the industries that the Southern Federal District can boast of. The cities of this federal district are good targets for development light industry. It really exists here, and it is aimed at supplying products to other federal districts of Russia. It is on the territory of this district that 1/10 of all knitwear our country and about 28% of shoes.

But that's not all. Also, the Southern Federal District, the map of which is provided above, is the region of the country in which about 21% of the all-Russian volume of steel pipes, 13% of metal-cutting machines, about 19% of tractors, 7% of passenger cars and 9% of excavators are produced.

In addition, the Southern Federal District produces approximately 18% of cement, 10% of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and 15% building bricks.

Addition

If you look at the Southern Federal District (map provided above), you can see that it also includes the Republic of Crimea and the hero city of Sevastopol. Back in March 2014, these subjects returned to the Russian Federation. But their territorial status was approved quite recently - in the middle of summer of this year 2016.

After Crimea was included in the Southern Federal District, the district increased by 27,000 km². The population also increased - approximately 2,300,000 people. By the way, it is precisely because of the situation that occurred in November 2015 associated with the explosion of power line supports in Kherson that the Southern Federal District is called an energy-deficient region. Because this incident completely deprived the entire Crimea (a large part of the district) of electricity. But, as you know, if everything is bad in one place and good in another, then the indicators are still summed up. That is why the Southern Federal District is now considered to be in deficit.

Agro-industrial complex

The center of the Southern Federal District, like all its other regions, boasts favorable natural and climatic conditions. In other federal districts they are different, and are not so conducive to the development of the agricultural industry. And this is the main significance of the South for our entire huge country. It is the Southern Federal District, whose composition is not very large, that provides Russia with food security. It is here that almost 1/6 of the cultivated area of ​​the entire country is concentrated. And they grow more than a quarter (!) of the total Russian volume of grain crops, 50% of sunflower seeds, and approximately 1/5 of vegetables.

On average, the Southern Federal District produces 1/7 of all agricultural products. And this is a lot. This also includes 33% sugar, 46% vegetable oil, approximately 11% dairy products and eggs, about 12.5% ​​meat products. In general, the list could take a long time, but the fact that the Southern Federal District is very important for Russia is clear and undeniable.

– formed by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, the composition of the Southern Federal District was changed on January 19, 2010 in accordance with Decree of the President of Russia D.A. Medvedev No. 82 “On amendments to the list of federal districts approved Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, and Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 12, 2008 No. 724 “Issues of the system and structure of federal executive bodies.”
Since its formation on May 13, 2000, the district was called “North Caucasian”; by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1149 of June 21, 2000, it was renamed “Southern”.

The Southern Federal District is located in the southern part of European Russia, in the lower reaches of the Volga River. The center of the Southern Federal District is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Southern Federal District (SFD), consisting of 13 subjects of the Federation, has a number of striking distinctive features. The regions of the Southern Federal District are included in the North Caucasus and Volga regions economic regions. It is located between three seas - the Black, Azov and Caspian, and has favorable natural and climatic conditions. His natural areas- steppe (plain), foothill and mountainous, picturesque terrain contribute to the development of resort and recreational business, large agro-industrial and industrial complexes. The Southern Federal District has a multinational composition. The district is located in the southern part of the country and occupies smallest area among the federal districts of Russia.

The climate of the Southern Federal District is varied. Great influence on temperature regime affects the Black Sea, especially on the adjacent areas. Most occupies the territory of the Southern Federal District steppe zone, located from its northern borders. The climate of the dry steppe and more humid foothill zones is favorable for human habitation and agriculture due to the long growing season, which lasts here for 170-190 days. In the steppe and foothill zones, chernozem and chestnut soils predominate, which, despite being susceptible to wind and water erosion, have retained exceptional fertility potential.
The natural resource potential predetermined the basic macroeconomic functions that are universal for all subjects of the Southern Federal District: production and processing of agricultural products.
The Southern Federal District ranks first in Russia in production mineral waters, second - in the extraction of tungsten raw materials, third - in the extraction of cement raw materials, and raw materials for building materials and underground drinking water.
In the depths of the district there are many different minerals. Fuel and energy resources are represented by oil, natural gas, coal. Significant resources of non-ferrous ores and rare metals. Within the district there are unique deposits of tungsten-molybdenum ores.
The Southern Federal District is one of the most poorly supplied with forest resources regions of the Russian Federation. But all the beech forests of Russia are concentrated here, as well as a significant part of such valuable tree species as oak, hornbeam, and ash.
The specifics of natural and historical conditions determine the prevailing distinctive features farms of the Southern Federal District. In it, the sectors of market specialization are in industry - fuel (coal, gas), non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, food industry and petrochemistry, in agriculture- growing grain, sugar beets, sunflowers, vegetable growing, meat and dairy cattle breeding, sheep breeding. The district has a unique resort and recreational complex. Metallurgical complex The Southern Federal District includes enterprises of both ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. In terms of coal production (Donbass), the district is in third place after the Siberian and Far Eastern regions. But the main prospects economic development regions are associated specifically with the extraction and production of “black gold”.
The economic situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included in the Southern Federal District is generally worse than the Russian average. The main industrial potential of the Southern Federal District is concentrated in Rostov and Volgograd regions and in the Krasnodar region.
The region's electric power industry is represented by three types of power plants - thermal, hydraulic and nuclear.
Among the non-production sectors, the resort industry is of all-Russian importance in the Southern Federal District.

Southern Federal District. The district includes 8 subjects of the Russian Federation: the Republics of Adygea, Kalmykia; Crimea, Krasnodar region; Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov regions, Sevastopol. The Southern Federal District includes 3 republics, 3 regions, 1 territory and 1 city of federal significance. Its area is 447,821 sq. km.
There are 21 cities in the Southern Federal District with a population of more than 100 thousand people. List of the ten largest cities: Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Krasnodar, Astrakhan, Sevastopol, Sochi, Simferopol, Volzhsky, Novorossiysk, Taganrog.
Administrative center of the Southern Federal District - Rostov-on-Don

– formed by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, the composition of the Southern Federal District was changed on January 19, 2010 in accordance with Decree of the President of Russia D.A. Medvedev No. 82 “On amendments to the list of federal districts approved Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, and Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 12, 2008 No. 724 “Issues of the system and structure of federal executive bodies.”
Since its formation on May 13, 2000, the district was called “North Caucasian”; by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1149 of June 21, 2000, it was renamed “Southern”.

The Southern Federal District is located in the southern part of European Russia, in the lower reaches of the Volga River. The center of the Southern Federal District is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Southern Federal District (SFD), consisting of 13 subjects of the Federation, has a number of striking distinctive features. The regions of the Southern Federal District are included in the North Caucasus and Volga economic regions. It is located between three seas - the Black, Azov and Caspian, and has favorable natural and climatic conditions. Its natural zones - steppe (plain), foothill and mountain, picturesque terrain contribute to the development of resort and recreational business, large agro-industrial and industrial complexes. The Southern Federal District has a multinational composition. The district is located in the southern part of the country and occupies the smallest area among the federal districts of Russia.

The climate of the Southern Federal District is varied. The Black Sea has a great influence on the temperature regime, especially in the areas adjacent to it. Most of the territory of the Southern Federal District is occupied by the steppe zone located from its northern borders. The climate of the dry steppe and more humid foothill zones is favorable for human habitation and agriculture due to the long growing season, which lasts here for 170-190 days. In the steppe and foothill zones, chernozem and chestnut soils predominate, which, despite being susceptible to wind and water erosion, have retained exceptional fertility potential.
The natural resource potential predetermined the basic macroeconomic functions that are universal for all subjects of the Southern Federal District: production and processing of agricultural products.
The Southern Federal District ranks first in Russia in the production of mineral waters, second in the production of tungsten raw materials, third in the production of cement raw materials, and raw materials for construction materials and underground drinking water.
In the depths of the district there are many different minerals. Fuel and energy resources are represented by oil, natural gas, and coal. The resources of non-ferrous and rare metal ores are significant. Within the district there are unique deposits of tungsten-molybdenum ores.
The Southern Federal District is one of the most poorly supplied with forest resources regions of the Russian Federation. But all the beech forests of Russia are concentrated here, as well as a significant part of such valuable tree species as oak, hornbeam, and ash.
The specificity of natural and historical conditions determines the established distinctive features of the economy of the Southern Federal District. In it, the sectors of market specialization are in industry - fuel (coal, gas), non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, food industry and petrochemicals, in agriculture - growing grain, sugar beets, sunflowers, vegetable growing, meat and dairy cattle breeding, sheep breeding. The district has a unique resort and recreational complex. The metallurgical complex of the Southern Federal District includes enterprises of both ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. In terms of coal production (Donbass), the district is in third place after the Siberian and Far Eastern regions. But the main prospects for economic development of the region are connected precisely with the extraction and production of “black gold”.
The economic situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included in the Southern Federal District is generally worse than the Russian average. The main industrial potential of the Southern Federal District is concentrated in the Rostov and Volgograd regions and in the Krasnodar Territory.
The region's electric power industry is represented by three types of power plants - thermal, hydraulic and nuclear.
Among the non-production sectors, the resort industry is of all-Russian importance in the Southern Federal District.

Southern Federal District. The district includes 8 subjects of the Russian Federation: the Republics of Adygea, Kalmykia; Crimea, Krasnodar region; Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov regions, Sevastopol. The Southern Federal District includes 3 republics, 3 regions, 1 territory and 1 city of federal significance. Its area is 447,821 sq. km.
There are 21 cities in the Southern Federal District with a population of more than 100 thousand people. List of the ten largest cities: Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Krasnodar, Astrakhan, Sevastopol, Sochi, Simferopol, Volzhsky, Novorossiysk, Taganrog.
Administrative center of the Southern Federal District - Rostov-on-Don

Administrative center of Maykop
- Administrative center of Elista
- Administrative center of Krasnodar
- Administrative center of Astrakhan
- Administrative center of Volgograd
- Administrative center of Rostov-on-Don
Republic of Crimea - Administrative center of Simferopol
Sevastopol

Notes: By decree of Russian President V.V. Putin dated July 28, 2016 No. 375 The Crimean Federal District was abolished, and its constituent entities - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol - were included in the Southern Federal District.

Cities of the Southern Federal District.

Cities in the Republic of Adygea: Maykop, Adygeisk. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Maykop.

Cities in the Republic of Kalmykia: Gorodovikovsk, Lagan. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Elista.

Cities in Krasnodar region: Abinsk, Anapa, Apsheronsk, Armavir, Belorechensk, Gelendzhik, Goryachiy Klyuch, Gulkevichi, Yeisk, Korenovsk, Kropotkin, Krymsk, Kurganinsk, Labinsk, Novokubansk, Novorossiysk, Primorsko-Akhtarsk, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Sochi, Temryuk, Timashevsk, Tikhoretsk , Tuapse, Ust-Labinsk, Khadyzhensk.

Cities in the Astrakhan region: Akhtubinsk, Znamensk, Kamyzyak, Narimanov, Kharabali. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Astrakhan.

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